Showing 46 results for Method
A. Jafari, S. Khademi, M. Farahmandjou, A. Darudi, R. Rasuli,
Volume 38, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) are known as a widely used photocatalyst. In order to improve the performance of these nanoparticles, the recombination of the electron-cavity pair must be reduced and the absorption rate of the visible region should be expanded. One way to increase the performance of these nanoparticles is using cerium doped TiO2. In the present study, pure and doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were made by the electrical discharge method. The effect of cerium dopants on the structural, morphological and optical properties were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), diffused reflection spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and infrared fourier transform (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses. XRD analysis revealed that the size of TiO2 nanocrystals was decreased to 7.7 nm. The FESEM morphology of the samples also showed that the uniformity of the Ce doped TiO2 was decreased. Further, the DRS results indicated that the band gap energy of Ce-TiO2 was decreased to 2.24 eV. The photoluminescence results demonstrated that the intensity of PL was reduced for the Ce-TiO2 sample, which reduced the recombination of the electron-hole coupling and increased the photocatalytic activity in the doped sample.
M. Toorani Farani,
Volume 39, Issue 1 (5-2020)
Abstract
In this study, Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) at three frequencies of 500, 1000 and 3000 Hz was applied on Mg surface and the effect of PEO surface preparation on protective behavior of three types of epoxy, fusion bond epoxy (FBE) and polyurethane coatings was investigated. The microstructural and protective properties of PEO coatings were studied by SEM, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the coating formed at frequency of 3000 Hz had smaller pore size and better protection properties. EIS test in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution was also used to investigate the protective behavior of the two-layered coatings. The results showed that PEO process had a favorable effect on the protective behavior of the polymer layers. Moreover, the best protection behavior was related to the PEO/FBE coating system.
A. Borouni, A. Kermanpur,
Volume 39, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract
In this study, the effect of Ta/W ratio on the microstructure and stress rupture properties of Ni-based single crystal (SX) superalloy PWA1483 was investigated. For this purpose, single crystal (SX) superalloys with different Ta/W ratios (0.75, 1.0, 1.32 and 1.5 in wt.%) were fabricated. The alloys were directionally solidified by Bridgman method under the same solidification condition at withdrawal velocity of 3 mm/min and thermal gradient of about 7 K/mm followed by standard age hardening heat treatment. Microstructural characterization was performed using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The stress rupture properties were investigated at 982 °C and 248 MPa. The results showed that increasing the Ta/W ratio decreases the size and volume fraction of micro-pores together with the size of γ' precipitates. Hence, the stress rupture life increased. The superalloy with Ta/W ratio of 1.5 showed the minimum size of micro-porosity (18.2 μm) and the maximum stress rupture life (~34 h). The superalloy with Ta/W ratio of 1 showed the most uniform microstructure and creep behavior. It seems that the presence of topologically closed packed (TCP) η-phases is the main reason for stress rupture life decrease in SX superalloy as micro-pores initiated from TCP phases or the TCP/matrix interfaces.
F. Mofid Nakhae, M. Rajabi, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad,
Volume 40, Issue 3 (11-2021)
Abstract
Development of bioactive ceramic composite scaffold materials with enhanced mechanical strength has been a topic of great interest in bone tissue engineering. In the present study, β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds with various amounts of bredigite and an interconnected pore network suitable for bone regeneration were fabricated by the space holder method. The effect of high concentrations of bredigite on the structure, mechanical properties (compressive strength), and in vitro bioactivity was investigated. According to the results, immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) led to the apatite formation on the surface of the scaffold, but increasing the bredigite content caused the agglomeration of the bredigite phase at the grain boundaries and deteriorated the mechanical properties.
M. Ghalambaz, M. Shamanian, A. M. Eslami, M. Abdollahi, E. Abdoulvand,
Volume 41, Issue 1 (8-2022)
Abstract
This research investigated the bonding properties of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel from microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion points of view. To obtain the optimal parameters of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW), the Taguchi method was used. A cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test evaluated the corrosion resistance of the welded samples. The optimal conditions were achieved when the background current, the pulse current, the frequency, and the percentage of the pulse on time were 50 amps, 140 amps, 5 Hz, and 50, respectively. On the other hand, the analysis of variance showed that the percentage of pulse on time equal to 36 and the background current equal to 46 amperes were the most influential factors on the surface current density of the austenitic stainless steel 321 connection using the PCGTAW process. The mechanical properties were assessed using punch shear testing. In the optimal condition, the maximum shear force and strength were 3200 N and 612 MPa, respectively. The results showed that the most critical factor affecting the bonding properties of 321 steel was the heat input.
Sh. Talebniya, M. R. Saeri, I. Sharifi, A. Doostmohammadi,
Volume 41, Issue 1 (8-2022)
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are of interest in various research fields such as magnetic fluids, catalysts, biotechnology, medicine, information storage, and environmental issues. However, spinel ferrite magnetic nanoparticles with proper magnetic properties could not be used alone in these applications because of their lack of biocompatibility and instability in aqueous solutions. Surface coating is an effective strategy to eliminate or minimize this issue. In this study, FeFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 spinel ferrites were synthesized using the reverse co-precipitation method under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. The magnetic behavior of the particles, determined by a vibrating magnetometer (VSM) showed the saturation magnet (Ms) values of the FeFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 spinel. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed two high-frequency bands v1 and v2 at about 554-578 and 368-397 cm-1, respectively, which were related to the spinel structure. Finally, the synthesized FeFe2O4 nanoparticles were coated with chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG) biopolymers. The TEM and FTIR analysis indicated that the magnetic nanoparticles were uniformly coated by the biopolymers.
