Showing 5 results for Soil
S. Yaghmaei, A. A. Seifkordi and H. Shirzadi,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (7-2002)
Abstract
A mathematical model has been analyzed for in-situ bioremediation with the purpose of remediating organic contaminated soil. Oxygen rich water when passed through the porous media of soil activates the aerobic microorganisms, leading to the biodegradation of the organic content. The model equations comprise three convection-dispersion partial differential solution of these equations has been conducted using the finite difference method. The effects of insufficient oxygen supply, growth of biomass and resistance to contaminant migration on the rate of biodegradation have been analyzed by numerically solving the equations.
The results from the numerical simulation indicate that the rate of biodegradation of contaminants in soil may be constrained not only by insufficient oxygen supply, but also by resistance to contaminant migration within the pore network.
Keywords: Bioremediation, Soil, Porous media, modeling
M. Vafaeian,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (7-2003)
Abstract
A finite element program based on elastic –plastic model of Mohr-Coulomb criterion was used to evaluate the bearing capacity coefficients of soil under shallow strip flexible footing . The results were compared with others’ analytical results and it was found that the present study could offer quite consistent and rather precise values for the bearing capacity coefficients .
The effect of different parameters such as E , υ, φ ,ψ ,γ , type of mesh idealization ,type of elements ,type of load distribution at the footing base have been examined and some new results obtained and discussed. The main conclusion can be summarized as : that the values of bearing capacity coefficients for any particular amount of friction angle should not be expressed as a single number solely dependent on the friction angle ,but the accurate values must be considered as the values dependent on some other effective parameters , which have been mentioned above .
Keywords : soil bearing capacity , finite element , Mohr-Coulomb , shallow footing
N.a. Hosseinzadeh, F. Nateghi-Alahi and F. Behnamfar,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (1-2004)
Abstract
The objective of this study is to design a robust direct model reference adaptive controller (DMRAC) for a nonlinear cardiovascular model over a range of plant parameters representing a variety of physical conditions. The direct adaptive controllers used in thisd study require the plant to be almost strictly positive real (ASPR) that is, for a plant to be controlled there must exist a feedback gain such that the resulting closed loop system is strictly positive real. We designed a new compensator so that the system composed of the cardiovascular plant and the compensator satisfy the ASPR condition.
Numerous studies in the past have considered a small range of gain variations of the cardiovascular system. In most cases, the controller was designed based on variations in either time delay or plant gains. Many of these workers treated the cardiovascular system as a single-input single output (SISo) plant in which the control output was Mean Arterial Pressure (MAO). We treated the cardiovascular system as a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) plant in which both the MAP and Cardiac Output (CO) are simultaneously controlled.
In this study, a new linear model is presented that provides a better approximation thanthe one the original linear model does. By doing so and utilizing the DMRAC algorithm, we could satisfy the stability conditions for the nonlinear model while satisfactory responses obtained under every possible condition for the cardiovascular nonlinear model.
S. Roushanbin, M.r. Maheri and A Rangbaran,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (7-2005)
Abstract
There are a number of parameters influencing the dynamic and seismic response of bridges. Of these, two important parameters warranting special notice include: the properties of the neoperenes in the state of connection between girders and columns and the shear stiffness of underlying soil in the level of bridge substructure’s connectivity to the ground. In
this paper, the effects of these two parameters on the dynamic and seismic response of Ghadir Bridge in Isfahan are investigated. The main conclusions drawn from these investigations include: the sensitivity of the bridge’s lateral modes of vibration to the horizontal shear stiffness of the neoperenes and the substantial effects of the soil’s shear rigidity on the longitudinal modes. Based on the findings, it is recommended tha a thorough geotechnical site investigation of the soil be conducted and the properties of the underlying soil be accurately established in order to correctly identify the dynamic behaviour of a bridge.
M.a.rowshanzamir and A. Jafari,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (1-2006)
Abstract
Cohesive-frictional soils are widely used in the construction of embankment structures and due to the method of construction, i.e. applying compactive efforts in the vertical direction in these cases, the occurrence of anisotropy in the soil strength and permeability seems to be inevitable. In this study, attempts have been made to evaluate the shear strength of c-f soils through modifying a large shear box apparatus. Conducting more than 108 direct shear tests, the effects of compaction method and moisture on the shear strength anisotropy of a selected c-f soil (a clayey sand) have then been
investigated. According to the test results, firstly strength anisotropy was observed in all the soil specimens and the shear strength in the vertical direction was about 14% to 21% higher than that in the horizontal direction. Secondly, it was found that an increase in the compaction moisture led to an increase in the degree of anisotropy. Furthermore, the anisotropy in the cohesive strength was more pronounced in the specimens with a moisture content higher than the optimum one. The highest degree of anisotropy was observed in the specimens compacted by impacting effort and the lowest one belonged to those with the vibratory compaction.
