JWSS - Journal of Water and Soil Science

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In this study, a completely randomized experiment was designed with five irrigation treatments and three replicates. The irrigation programs were raw wastewater (T1), treated wastewater (T2), a combination of 50% raw wastewater and 50% fresh water (T3), a combination of 50% treated wastewater and 50% fresh water (T4), and fresh water (T5). The experiments were run within a greenhouse. The lysimeters were built up in September 2009 and they were filled with a two layer soil. The upper (30 cm) and lower (40 cm) layers were sandy loam and sandy clay loam, respectively. The results showed that the effects of watering treatments on transfer coefficients of heavy metals from soil to shoots (except Cd) and tubers of potato (except Zn and Cu) were significant (p <0.01). Maximum and minimum transfer coefficients of heavy metals were observed in the (T1) and (T5) treatments, respectively. Also, the transfer coefficients of Cd from soil to shoots were lower than tubers. In the case of Zn, Cu and Pb, transfer coefficients from soil to tubers were lower than shoots. In this study, the maximum transfer coefficients to shoots were Cd (0.331-0.463), Zn (0.383-0.230), Cu (0.173-0.386) and Pb (0.003-0.057), respectively. Maximum transfer coefficients toward tubers (except T5) were Cd (0.439-0.572), Cu (0.081-0.138), Zn (0.170-0.217) and Pb (0-0.017), respectively. The combination of wastewater and fresh water use in short-term irrigation might be feasible, but a heavy metal monitoring program is necessary.

Keywords: Heavy metal, Lysimeter, Potato, Soil, Transfer coefficients, Wastewater.

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