Showing 4 results for A. Samie
A. Nikkhah, M. Alikhani, H. Amanlou, A. Samie,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (spring 2003)
Abstract
A ruminal in situ experiment using three fistulated ewes was conducted to determine dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation of steam–flaked broomcorn (SFBr), ground broomcorn (GBr) and ground barley (GB). Grain samples were suspended in the rumen of sheep for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h. Nylon bags were washed with tap water after removal. Effective degradability of DM at outflow rates of k = 0.05 and k = 0.08 h-1 was significantly higher for SFBr than for GBr (59 and 53% vs. 43 and 35%). SFBr has considerably higher soluble DM than GBr and GB. Insoluble DM of SFBr was lower than that of GBr and GB. Solubility of CP in broomcorn grain was significantly decreased by steam–flaking, but degradation rate of insoluble CP was not altered. Results from this study showed that SFBr supplies the major source of availabe nutrients for rumen microorganisms compared with GBr. In other words, using the most efficient processing method for ruminants will be necessary.
M. Toghiani, A. Samie, A. Gheisari,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (summer 2003)
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of intensity of restricted early feed and increased nutrient density after restriction period on performance and compensatory growth in broilers. Two hundred and eighty-eight broiler (Lohman) chicks in a completely randomized design in a 2*3 factorial arrangement of treatments were employed. Birds were fully fed from 7 to 13d or 100% of adlibitum intake on a daily basis. The diets were diluted at 25% and 50% levels with rice hulls. After the restriction period, birds were fed with a diet, formulated to meet all their nutrient needs, according to the NRC (1994) or 10% of protein, methionine and lysine above NRC in the realimentation diet from 13 to 21d. Body weight, feed intake, daily gain and feed conversion were determined weekly and selected carcass characteristics (liver, intestine and abdominal fat pad) were measured at 49 days of age. Feed restriction significantly (P<0.01) decreased body weight gain and feed conversion during the restriction period. Birds were able to fully recover body weight depression up to 49d. The intensity of restriction had no effect on body weight, feed intake, daily gain and feed efficiency at 49d (p>0.05). Increased nutrient density had no effect on growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency for fully-fed birds and restricted birds at 49d. The results from this experiment showed that broiler chicks may be expected to gain weight similar to chicks with fully feeding even after restricted early feed if fed with NRC diets. The effect may be due to compensatory growth.
A. Asadi Alamoti, M. Alikhani, Gh. Ghorbani, A. Samie,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (fall 2004)
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of millet silage prepared in laboratorial mini silos and to determine the effects of additives on its fermentation quality. Whole millet (Panicum milliaceum) was harvested at milk and soft-dough stages of maturity, left untreated or treated with ground barely, molasses, formic acid, lactic acid producing bacteria, and combination of molasses plus inoculant, and were ensiled in a completely randomized design in 2×6 factorial arrangement. Stage of maturity had no significant effect on NDF and ADF, buffering capacity, residual water soluble carbohydrate, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and in vitro dry and organic matter digestibility however, values for dry matter, crude protein and pH were significantly different. Loss of dry matter, elevated NH3-N (24% of total nitrogen) and increased butyric and acetic acid levels (.2 and 1.33% DM, respectively) in control silage indicated clostridial fermentation. Between treatments, the lowest NH3-N was observed for silages treated with formic acid. Molasses and molasses plus inoculant produced higher lactic acid and lower butyric acid. Higher in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility showed positive effects of additive usage compared to control group. Addition of molasses and molasses plus inoculant resulted in higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (63.1 and 64.3 %, respectively), but no significant differences were observed between barely, formic acid and inoculant treated silages. Results of this study clearly showed the need for adding a source of water soluble carbohydrates to millet in order to obtain a good quality silage. Also inoculation of lactic acid bacteria does not necessarily promote homolactic fermentation if insufficient amounts of water soluble carbohydrates are presented.
M. J. Agah, J. Pourreza, A. Samie, H. R. Rahmani,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (summer 2006)
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of (Kabuli) chickpea grains with different processing methods on the performance of broilers. In a factorial experiment with completely randomized design, 576 Rose broiler chicks were divided into 16 treatments with three replications of 12 chicks each. The first factor comprised three levels of chickpea (10, 20 and 30 percent) in ration, and the second factor five processing methods of chickpea (raw, cooked for 10 and 20 mins, and soaked for 24 and 48 hrs). Treatments included one control ration (without chickpea) and 15 experimental rations, all of which were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. The experimental period lasted 8 weeks for the 1 to 56 day old chicks. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio were determined at three age periods of 7 to 21, 7 to 42 and 7 to 56 days. Carcass, abdominal fat, intestine and pancreas weight percentages to live weight were measured. Maximum body weight gain belonged to chickens fed on %30 chickpea grains soaked for 48h in age periods of 7 to 42 and 7 to 56 days, which was significantly different from control diet (P<0.05). The effect of chickpea grains levels and processing methods on chicken feed intake in age periods of 7 to 56 days was not significant. Interaction effects of chickpea levels with processing methods on feed conversion ratio in three age periods was not significant either. The effect of chickpea grains levels and processing methods on carcass, abdominal fat and intestine weight percentages to live weight were not significant except for the pancreas weight percentage (P<0.05). Therefore, it seems that chickpea grain is a suitable source of energy and protein in broiler diet (20% as raw or 30% as soaked for 48% h) when soyabean meals and corn grains are unavailable.
