Gh. A. Akbari, H. Jabbari, J. Daneshian, I. Alahdadi, N. Shahbazian,
Volume 12, Issue 45 (fall 2008)
Abstract
In order to investigate the limited irrigation impact on physical characteristics of seed in nine sunflower hybrids, three 3-replicate field experiments RCBC were conducted under three irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60, 120 and 180 mm cumulative evaporation from class A evaporation pan, respectively) at the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj, Iran. The results showed that the Maximum length, width and seed diameter were obtained from irrigation after 60 mm cumulative evaporation from pan, and irrigations after 120 and 180 mm evaporation caused to decrease the length by 11% and 16%, width by 21% and 26% and seed diameter by 22% and 28%, respectively. There fore the seed diameter in comparison with width and seed length was most susceptible to limited irrigations levels. The Maximum length was seen in hybrid of A74×R95, and the maximum width, and seed diameter were observed in hybrids of Allstar. Also, A74×R95 under irrigations after 60 and 120 mm evaporation and Azargol under irrigation after 180 mm evaporation had the highest seed weight.
Alireza Daneshi, Marzban Faramarzi, Soraya Yaghobi, Reza Omidipour, Aiding Kornejady,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (Fall 2026)
Abstract
Excessive groundwater abstraction is a major environmental and economic challenge in Iran’s arid and semi-arid regions. This study examined farmers’ perceptions of groundwater over-abstraction and its perceived socioeconomic consequences in the Siminehroud catchment. Data from 373 questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests. Effect sizes were reported, and p-values were adjusted using the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure. Overall, 41.8% of respondents believed that groundwater over-abstraction was occurring in their locality. Respondents with this perception were younger (median 48.5 versus 53 years; p<0.001), and the proportion with this perception was lower among users of piped water conveyance than among users of traditional canals (24.2% versus 45.6%; p=0.001). Both associations remained significant after false-discovery-rate adjustment. The most frequently perceived consequences of groundwater-level decline were declining farm income, loss of irrigated land, changes in cropping patterns, and increased migration. The findings indicate that groundwater management in Siminehroud should incorporate aquifer monitoring, improved water conveyance, and social interventions tailored to users’ characteristics.
