Showing 2 results for E. Farahani
E. Farahani, A. Arzani,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (winter 2007)
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity in the cultivars and F1 hybrids of durum wheat, using agronomic and morphological traits. Evaluation of consistency between choosing parents of crosses based on morphological and agronomic observations and genetic distance obtained from cluster analysis were objectives of this study. Fourty- two genotypes were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2003. Agronomic characteristics comprised days to 50% flowering, days to 50% pollination, days to maturity, plant height (cm), spike length (cm), grain weight per spike (gr), number of grain per spike, number of spike per m2, grain yield (t/ha), biological yield (t/ha), 1000 grain weight, test weight (gr/L) and harvest index were measured in the studied genotypes. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the studied traits. The results also revealed that grain yield had the highest coefficient of variation (CV= 21.6%), followed by spikes per m2 (CV= 20%) and number of grains per spike (CV= 18.9%). Lowest coefficient of variation was observed in days to maturity, days to 50% pollination and days to 50% flowering. Moreover, correlation analysis indicated that grain yield correlated with harvest index, biological yield, grain per spike and grain weight per spike. Cluster analysis of genotypes based on agronomic traits defined desirable clusters. These clusters have desirable characteristics and are beneficial for breeding objectives. Results of evaluation of consistency between choosing parents based on observation and those of cluster analysis showed varing degrees of consistency in 12 conducted crosses, ranging from highly similar parents in Eupoda6×Chahba88 to relatively distinct parents in PI40100×PI40099 cross.
E. Farahani, M.r. Mosaddeghi, A.a. Mahboubi,
Volume 16, Issue 61 (fall 2012)
Abstract
Hardsetting phenomenon is an indicator of poor soil physical quality. Hardsetting soils are soils with high rate of mechanical strength increase upon drying and are hardened and/or compacted when dry out. It is difficult to till such soils. Hardsetting soils have additional limitations such as poor aeration at wet conditions, low infiltrability and high runoff and erosion. Most of Iran soils have low organic matter content and it is expected that hardsetting phenomenon occurs in some of these soils. This study was conducted to investigate the hardsetting phenomenon on 9 soil series collected from Hamadan province. Three types of mechanical strength consisting tensile strength (ITS), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and penetration resistance (PR) were measured on the repacked soil samples prepared in the lab. The ITS, UCS and PR tests were done on the soil cores which had been prepared at bulk density (BD) equal to 90% of critical BD for root growth (0.9BDcritical). The effects of intrinsic properties on the hardsetting phenomenon were studied, too. Based on the suggested definition in “International Symposium on Sealing, Crusting and Hardsetting Soils” to International :::union::: of Soil Science, in which a hardsetting soil has air-dry tensile strength ≥ 90 kPa, one soil (medium-textured) out of the studied soils showed the hardsetting phenomenon at 0.9BDcritical. It might be concluded that medium-textured soils are more susceptible to hardsetting. For all of the studied soils, the ITS increased with the increase in clay content. The increasing impacts of clay and carbonate contents were also observed for the UCS and PR, respectively. Calcium carbonate could act as a cementing agent in between the soil particles and brings about the soil susceptibility to hardsetting. Moreover, the decreasing trend of all soil mechanical strengths was observed with water content increase. Slope (b) of the exponential model (fitted to the soil mechanical strength characteristic curve), as an index of hardsetting, had positive correlation with the sand content and negative correlation with the silt content. Overall, texture and calcium carbonate content are major and effective properties in terms of hardsetting phenomenon in Hamadan soils.
