Showing 7 results for Falahati
K. Noorollahi, M. Falahati Rastegar, B. Jafarpour,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (spring 2000)
Abstract
Four hundred isolates of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. collected from different parts of the country, such as Zarivar Marivan Lake in Kordestan Province Shabestar and Khosroshahr in Eastern Azarbaigan Province Serow, Bokan and Shahindeg in Western Azarbaigan Province Mashhad and Ilam were used in this experiment.
These isolates showed little differences in their cultural and morphological characters and pathogenic behaviors. They were categorized into 17 groups on the basis of collection regions and, based on cultural characteristics, were then reduced to 11 groups. Isolate number 16 from Mashhad showed the highest growth rate while isolate number 1 from Kordestan had the lowest growth rate.
One isolate was chosen as a representative for each group. Pathogenicity of representative isolates from each of the 11 groups were tested. Reaction type of all isolates was studied on differential hosts and one local chickpea line Jam was examined, using Reddy and Nene (1979) method. Races No. 4 and 6 were identified as the two physiologic races.
A. Dariaee, M. Falahati Rastegar, B. Jafarpour,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (winter 2002)
Abstract
This study was carried out on the biochemical aspects of chickpea cultivars and the genomic behavior of A. rabiei pathotypes 4 and 6 in four parts: 1) Determining the number of resistant genes in chickpea native cultivars, 2) Comparing the variation of sodium and potassium electrolytes concentrations in noninfected and infected seedling stems of resistant and susceptible cultivars, 3) Studying the effect of potassium deficiency on five differential cultivars by Hoagland nutrient culture, and 4) Using RAPD-PCR method to detect any genomic differences between the two pathotypes used in this study.
Eighteen native chickpea cultivars were chosen for this study. The result of the experiments showed that cultivar 1-60-144 possesses the highest number of resistant genes, while the others were either relatively tolerant or susceptible. The reduction of electrolytes concentration in infected cultivar ILC-1929 in comparison to resistant cultivar ILC-5928 is an indication of compatibility between the host plant and the pathogen. Increasing the level of resistance in differential cultivars and appearance of induced resistance as the result of potassium deficiency is due to the production of putrecine diamine. Eighty percent similarity of pathotypes genomic bands by using CG marker and primer 171 showed insufficient primer numbers and the necessity for using complementary methods.
F. Shokoohifar, A. Bagheri, M. Falahati Rastegar,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (summer 2003)
Abstract
The poor information available on variation of Ascochyta blight fungus is the most important factor limiting chickpea breeding programs for resistance to blight disease. In this study, efforts were made to detect genetic variation of the pathogen in Iran. The RAPD marker was employed to evaluate 26 isolates collected from 16 provinces. Twelve random primers were used to analyze genomic DNA of the isolates. Only ten primers showed polymorphism among isolates. Primer OPK-01 defined the highest number of polymorphism and primer OPK-09 confirmed relatively low degree of polymorphism. On the basis of this molecular marker, the estimated genetic diversity index was 98% and the pair-wise genetic distance of the isolates varied from 0.16 to 0.61. The least genetic distance belonged to isolates 20 and 22 from Qazvin and Golestan while the highest distance belonged to isolates 26 and 12 from Mazandaran and Markazi. The phylogenic tree was constructed by cluster analysis and all the isolates grouped to 22 genetic clusters at the 90% similarity level. The genetic groups were named from A to V and their distribution in Iran was determined. The results revealed that genetic variation among Iranian population of the pathogen is very high, and further that RAPD is a vigorous tool for genomic analysis of Ascochyta rabiei.
M. Falahati-Anbaran, A. A. Habashi, M. Esfahany, S. A. Mohammadi, B. Ghareyazie,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (fall 2006)
Abstract
Annual medics are used for hey production, soil protection, biological fixation of N2 and green manure. In the present study, the inter and intra specific genetic diversity and relatedness of 4 diploid and two tetraploid (M. rugosa and M. scutellata) annual medics were evaluated using microsatellite markers. PCR analysis was performed on genomic DNA from individual plant and PCR products were detected using standard polyacrylamide sequencing gel. Totally twenty five polymorphic alleles were observed in the studied species. Average intra-specific genetic diversity ranged from zero (0.0) in both M. rugosa and M. scutellata to 0.114 in M. minima species, and the level of genetic diversity was similar in both M. orbicularis and M. truncatula species. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to partition the overall genetic diversity into within and among species, and between diploids and tetraploids. The results revealed significant (P<0.05) inter and intra-specific genetic variation. Pairwise comparisons based on Fst indicated significant differences among all of the species. Clustering analysis using UPGMA algorithm based on coancestary coefficient revealed a clear genetic relationship among species. The hypothesis on a common origin of two tetraploid species was supported by UPGMA clustering and phylogenetic analysis. The high level of Genetic diversity in spiny pod species respect to spineless pod species suggested the high importance of species with spiny pods in annual medics evolution. The findings support the usefulness of microsatellite markers for assessing inter and intra specific genetic diversity, differentiation and genetic relationships.
S Falahati Por, H Shahsavand Hasani, A Baghizadeh, Gh Karimzadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 48 (7-2009)
Abstract
The genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) has been used to identify euploidy and aneuploidy in segregation generations of various plants. In this study, the GISH with minor modifications including, slide preparation of putative secondary Tritipyrum (F2) root meristemic cells, labeled genomic DNA of Thinopyrum bessarabicum by fluorescein 12-dUTP nucleotide as probe, genomic DNA of Thinopyrum bessarabicum for in situ hybridization on root meristemic cells of F2 (2n=6x=42, AABBDEb) and unlabeled Chinese Spring cultivar in pre hybridization, was carried out for the first time in Iran. The results not only indicated the various Eb chromosomes in putative 6x secondary Tritipyrum plants, but also showed different numbers of A, B and D chromosomes. The range of aneuoploidy in F2 genotypes was from %30 to %66.7, which could be due to various numbers of Eb and D chromosomes in each genotype. The selfing or back crossing of F2 plants with bread wheat varieties could lead to chromosomal stability and aneoploidy reduction in secondary Tritipyrum genotypes.
S. Falahati, E. Adhami,
Volume 19, Issue 71 (spring 2015)
Abstract
Current study conducted to evaluate the effects of vermicompost and zeolite on the kinetics of nickel (Ni) fixation. Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of two vermicompost levels (zero and 2 w/w percent), three zeolite levels (zero and 4 w/w percent of zeolite of Firoozkoh, and Semnan) and two soil textures (clay and sandy loam) in three replications. All treatments were spiked with 50 or 100 mg Ni kg-1. DTPA extractable Ni was determined after 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 days. Ni availability was higher in sandy loam texture. Vermicompost application increased Ni availability in sandy loam texture in all the designated times. Zeolite application had no significant effect on Ni availability. The trend of Ni availability decrease was composed of two distinct stages with high and low Ni fixation rates. In the first step which continued up to 30 d, the available Ni fixation rate was high and then decreased sharply. Ni fixation data was suitably prescribed using simple Elovich and exponential equations. It seems that vermicompost has a greater effect to prevents Ni fixation and to retain it in available form in light texture soils. On the other hand, it seems that zeolite does not have any considerable effect on Ni fixation in calcareous soils.
S. Falahati, E. Adhami, H. Owliaie,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Due to the importance of nickel (Ni), and the effect of common soil additives on Ni fractions distribution, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of zeolite and vermicompost on nickel fractions over time. The experimental design consisted of a factorial combination of two levels of vermicompost (zero and 2% by weight), three levels of zeolite (zero, 4% by weight of Firoozkooh zeolite, and 4% by weight of Semnan zeolite), and two soil texture (clay and sandy loam) in a completely randomized design in triplicates. Treatments were contaminated with 50 and 100 mg nickel/kg soil. Ni fractions were extracted and measured at 20 and 60 days. The results showed that in initial soils, Car-Ni in sandy loam soil was higher than in clay soil, while the content of Fe, Mn- Ox Ni, OM-Ni, and Res-Ni in the clay soil was higher. In sandy loam soil, more nickel was recovered in Exch- and Car-fractions, while nickel recovery was higher in Mn, Fe-Ox Ni, OM-Ni, and Res-Ni in the clay texture. Zeolite addition caused a significant decrease of Exch- and Car-Ni in the clay soil on 60d and 100 mg/kg Ni level. Exch-Ni was reduced due to vermicompost application. Vermicompost application caused the decrease in Fe, Mn Ox-Ni in both studied soils and times, and OM-Ni increased by vermicompost application. Aging generally reduces the Exch-Ni but changes in Car-Ni over time depending on the soil texture. Aging did not affect Mn, Fe-Ox Ni, and Res-Ni, while OM-Ni increased over time in clay soil.
