Showing 4 results for Iravani
F. Amiri, M. Bassiri, M. Iravani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (summer 2005)
Abstract
The vast and diverse rangelands of Iran require the selection of appropriate methods for grazing intensity measurement in the different vegetation types. Methods can be compared on the bases of time and budget as well as their accuracy. In this study nine methods of the utilization measurement were conducted on the E. ceratoides stands of Hanna exclosure Semirom, Isfahan province. The duncan multiple range test was used to compare mean utilization percentages obtained from the different methods, with paired cage method data was used as control group. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was also used to compare methods for accuracy, time and budget. The means from reference unite, twig length, production index, plant count and stem count methods had significant (p<0.05) differences compared with control group but were comparatively time consuming and more expensive than other methods. The height-weight method resulted in an estimate with no significant difference with the control group. This method was also fastest and least expensive among methods with the accurate results (p<0.05).
M. Falaki, H. Shabanali Fami, H. Iravani , H. Movahed Mohammadi,
Volume 12, Issue 43 (spring 2008)
Abstract
The continuous rapid development of telecommunications and computer-based information technology (IT) is probably one of the biggest factors of change in agricultural extension, which will facilitate and reinforce other changes. There are many possibilities for the potential applications of the technology in agricultural extension, about which attitudes of extension professionals is highly important. The present study was conducted to assess the attitude of extension professionals which can affect the adoption of IT by extension system. The population of the study consisted of 1145 extension professionals working throughout the country in different provinces. Using a stratified random sampling technique, 241 extension experts were selected as the sample for the study. The reliability and validity of the tools of study were confirmed by a pilot study and expert judgment. The results of the study indicated that the respondents had higher knowledge on word processing softwares, windows and file management in the area of computer application. In contrast, in the area of internet application they were mainly interested in getting information from specialized sites, searching by search engines of Yahoo and Google and exchanging e-mails. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the attitude of extension professionals and their age, educational attainments, knowledge of IT, its application and English language proficiency. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference between attitudes of male and female extension experts towards IT.
M. Iravani, M. Solouki, A.m. Rezai, B.a. Siasar, S.a. Kohkan,
Volume 12, Issue 45 (fall 2008)
Abstract
In order to investigate the diversity and relationship between agronomical traits with seed yield components in barley, twenty advanced barley lines were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at Research Center of Agriculture in Sistan in 2006. Each plot consisted of six rows spaced 20 cm apart and 5 meters long. In this research, 24 Agronomic traits were measured on five randomly selected plants in the central rows of each plot. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among the lines for most of the traits. Line No.7 had the highest (406 grs/m2) and line No.5 had the lowest (309 grs/m2) seed yield. There were high correlation between seed yield and number of panicle/m2. Factor analysis results indicated that 7 independent factors explained 82 percent of the total variation. The first two factors, namely yield components and tillering capacity, explained 41 percent of the total variation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the traits are related to seed yield and tillering capacity, i.e., number of seed per main panicle. 1000 seed weight, number of seed per plant, number of days to physiological maturity and days to heading are the most important characteristics in selecting lines with high seed yield. Number of fertile tiller, total number of tillers and peduncle length were also next set of important traits. Number of days to emergence, nodule number and number of panicle per m2 were also important as selection criteria. Seed weight per plant, biological yield, awn length and the traits that were related to flag leaf had lower importance for selection of lines with high seed yield.
J. Abedi Koupaei, Z. Iravani,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Water pollution with petroleum products is one of the serious environmental problems in Iran. According to the importance of this issue, refining benzene by bio-absorbent has attracted much attention in recent years. The maximum permissible limit assigned by World Health Organization (WHO) for benzene in drinking water is 0.001 mg/L. In recent years, attempts made to develop inexpensive adsorbents utilizing abundant natural materials. Agricultural waste materials often employed as adsorbent may have potential marketing preference for wastewater treatment among other adsorbent types due to the low cost, environmentally friendly, naturally accessible, and efficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the removal of benzene by batch and continuous techniques. In this study, the ash cone pine (APC) was used for the removal of benzene from aqueous solutions and its ability as an adsorbent, while the variable initial concentration of benzene, the amount of adsorbent, contact time, temperature, and pollutant's solution pH were investigated. Langmuirand and Freundlich Isotherm models were fitted to benzene adsorption equilibrium data. Kinetic models including pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion, and power function were used to describe kinetic data of benzene adsorption. The results showed that optimum benzene adsorption was observed at pH=7, and the optimum amount of adsorbent was 0.1 g. The observed equilibrium time was 10 minutes. The equilibrium adsorption capacities were 366 mg/g at 2000 mg/L initial benzene concentration. Linear and non-linear isotherm studies showed that equilibrium data better fitted the Langmuir isotherm model. Kinetic studies showed better applicability of the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Column adsorption experiments were performed to check the absorbent performance during continuously injecting benzene solution into the adsorbent column until the adsorbent has been saturated to complete the studies on the introduced adsorbent. The results for columns with continuous inflow indicated that the maximum capacity of adsorption of benzene for the adsorbent column with a diameter of 3cm, and input concentration of 1000 mg/L, and an input rate of 100 mL/h for ash cone pine (APC) was 295 mg/g. The results of this experiment showed that APC has a high capability for the removal of benzene from aqueous solutions.
