JWSS - Journal of Water and Soil Science

Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) is the maximum possible amount of precipitation which could occur in a gauging station, a region, or in a watershed. Probable maximum precipitation is usually estimated by two general methods: the first is synoptic method in which short period (hourly) meteorological parameters such as dew point, wind speed and air pressure are used. The second is statistical method which is based on the statistical analysis of the 24-h maximum precipitations. In this study, the amount of 24-h PMP was estimated by Hershfield, Bethlahmy and modified Bethlahmy methods using date obtained from meteorological and Ministry of Energy over 15 or more years.

 The results showed that there exist large differences between statistical and synoptic methods however, there are rather smaller differences between Bethlahmy and synoptic methods. For modified Bethlahmy method, the results were multiplied by a coefficient of relative humidity. Then the calibrated 24-h PMP values were estimated for all meteorological stations of Iran and a contour map of 24-h PMP for the country was developed.

Results showed that a minimum value of 24-h PMP (110 mm) occurred in the central part of country and a maximum amount (260 mm) was found in both south and north parts of Iran.

Water quality assessment is important in late years coincide white decreas quantity it. The Zayande-Rood's Dam Lake is one of the important water resources that supplies drinking water for human populations in Isfahan, This lake also supplies water resources for agricultural sections of these provinces. Five points were determined as the sampling stations. Samplings were performed from May, 2013 to March, 2014 in seven steps, once every forty five days in for seasons (two times in each season). The water quality parameters (DO, NO₃, NO₂, EC, pH, hardness, TDS, NH₄, BOD5) were measured in all the stations and stages, and then water quality indexes were calculated. According to the results of this study, the water quality of the Zayande-Rood's Dam Lake estimated as good (50-100), with using WQI index. WQI index maximum was in summer (84.63) and minimum was in autumn (66.4). Considering the importance of the Zayande-rood's dam lake as a supplying resource of drinkable water of Isfahan. It seems that further attention in the lake watershed management is needed in order to protect water quality.