Showing 5 results for M. Zare
M. Zarei, N. Saleh-Rastin, Gh. Savaghebi,
Volume 15, Issue 55 (spring 2011)
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted in factorial experiment arranged as a completely randomized design (CRD) to evaluate the role of tree indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species originated from a polluted soil in phytoremediation of zinc polluted soils using maize as a host plant. The experiment consisted of plants inoculated with AMF (G1(Glomus intraradices), G2(Glomus mosseae) and G3(Glomus versiforme)) and G0 as non-inoculated plants and 5 levels of zinc (0, 10, 50, 100 and 500 mg kg -1) in non-sterilized sandy loam soil with three replications. According to the results of greenhouse experiment, the zinc and phosphorus uptake and also the biological yield of maize plants were significantly increased by inoculation with AMF in comparison with non-inoculated plants and also no zinc toxicity symptoms were observed. Uptake, translocation, and phytoextraction efficiency of plants inoculated with G. intraradices was more than the other treatments up to the level of 100 mg kg -1, but at the level of 50 mg kg -1 these amounts were highest in plants inoculated with G. mosseae. The efficicncy of three AMF in zinc uptake was highest at the low level of zinc. In general, under the high soil pollution (500 mg kg-1), G. mosseae was the most effective fungal species in Zn extraction and translocation while G. intraradices had the highest effectiveness for accumulation of Zn in the roots. The overall situation of G. versiforme was mostly between the two other fungal species.
R. Ghobadian, M. Zare, S. M. Kashefipour,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (Summer 2012)
Abstract
Development of precise and simple methods in flood simulation has greatly reduced financial damage and life loss. Various methods and procedures have been implemented based on Saint-Venant's one-dimensional equation governing unsteady flows. To simplify the solution for these flows, analytical and numerical methods have been used. In the present study, a new method that provides the optimal outcome is introduced using non-linear programming. Penalty function has also been used to convert nonlinear programming (NLP) constrained problems into unconstrained optimal issues. To verify the accuracy of decision variables, the study covered 60 cross-sections of Gharasu River and 25-year flood hydrographs. After determining the model correctness, the 50 and 100-year flood hydrograph were routed in 18 Kilometers. The results were statistically compared with hydraulic and Muskingum hydrological methods. To sum up the routed hydrographs introduced by NLP method were very close to the hydrographs produced by dynamic wave method. The R2 of calculated discharge of routed hydrograph by NLP and dynamic wave method were 0.948, 0.990, and 0.989, respectively, with the return period of 25, 50 and 100-year flood being 0.989. It can be concluded that NLP method is more accurate than Muskingum method, especially when predicting the peak discharge of flood hydrograph.
M. Ghorchiani, Gh. Akbari, H. A. Alikhani, M. Zarei, I. Allahdadi,
Volume 17, Issue 63 (Spring 2013)
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria on phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency, mycorrhizal dependence and grain yield and dry matter yield of maize under water deficit conditions, a field experiment was conducted as split-split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments in this experiment were included as follows: irrigation (normal irrigation and water deficit stress based on evaporation from class A pan evaporation) combined different seed inoculations with AM and Pseudomonas fluorescens and treatment of chemical phosphate fertilizer (non- consumption of phosphate fertilizer, consumption of 50 percent of triple superphosphate fertilizer needed, and consumption of rock phosphate, based on the quantity of consumed phosphorus of triple superphosphate source). The results showed that effects of irrigation, seed inoculation with AM and Pseudomonas fluorescens biological phosphate fertilizer and chemical phosphate fertilizer were significant on yield and yield components, dry matter yield, relative agronomic efficiency and root colonization. Mild stress significantly reduced grain yield, relative agronomic efficiency and fertilizer agronomic efficiency compared to optimum irrigation. Results showed that grain and dry matter yield are highly correlated with root colonization under mild stress condition. Maximum mycorrhizal dependence was obtained in mild stress condition. Maximum relative agronomic efficiency, fertilizer agronomic efficiency, yield and yield components was related to seed inoculation with AM and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The use of triple superphosphate fertilizer were increased grain yield in comparison with rock phosphate along with inoculation of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. However, maximum root colonization and mycorrhizal dependence was achieved in non- consumption treatment of phosphate fertilizer.
M. B. Heyderianpour , A. M. Sameni, J. Sheikhi, N. Karimian, M. Zarei,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (Spring 2014)
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vermicompost and nitrogen (N) on growth, nutrient concentration and uptake of N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) in sunflower shoots as a factorial experiment arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications under greenhouse conditions. Treatments included three levels of vermicompost (0, 2.5, and 5 % by w/w) and three N levels (0, 90, and 180 mg kg-1) as urea. Application of 2.5% vermicompost significantly increased the average fresh and dry weights, and uptake of K, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu of shoots as compared when no vermicompost was applied, but decreased Zn and Cu concentrations. Application of 90 mg N, increased fresh and dry weights, and concentration of N, Zn, and Mn, total uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu in sunflower shoots, but decreased P concentration. Application of 180 mg N increased total N uptake than that of 90 mg N kg-1 treatment. Combination of 2.5% vermicompost with 90 mg N, significantly (p<0.05) increased dry matter yield of sunflower as compared to 2.5% vermicompost without N treatment
M. Zare, M. Soufi, M. Nejabat, L. Jokar,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (Spring 2014)
Abstract
Gully erosion and sedimentation have high priority in Fars Province due to the losses from destruction of lands, roads and civil structures. In the present study, in order to evaluate the threshold for the development and initiation of gully topography in Fars province, two regions were selected including Allamarvdasht, Lamerd and Fedagh, Larestan. 30 gullies were selected in each mentioned area. Morphometric parameters were measured and topography threshold was drawn. To evaluate the effect of measured parameters on topography threshold, each gully was clustered based on parameters and cluster analysis. To determine the effect of dominant hydrologycal processes on gully initiation and development, the multivariate analysis was employed using SPSS (version 14) software. Using the power relationship between watershed area and slope of each gully, the dominant hydrological processes in gully initiation and development were determined by means of Excel software and were compared with coefficients of foreign regional studies. The results showed that in the two studied regions, the most effective hydrologycal process was surface runoff. Results also demonstrated that in these regions changing the shape of upstream basin topography to circle and their expansion have increased the threshold of watershed topography of gully erosion. Increasing the sodium absorbtion ratio and removing the ground cover reduce the threshold of gully erosion topography. Increasing the depth of gullies and soil organic matters resulted in greater relative threshold of topography.
