J. Ahadiyan, B. Mardasi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Spring 2018)
Discharge of contaminants in the acceptor ambient has negative environmental impacts. Extremely shallow acceptor ambient conditions will have a significant impact on the diffusion of the contaminants flow. To achieve the effect of the hydraulic, geometric and environmental conditions of the contaminant flow in the acceptor ambient, an experimental model of surface draining was applied. The model consisted of a flume with 3.2 meters length, 0.6 meters width and 0.9 height. Accordingly, by considering three simple single drainers with the diameters of 1.2, 1.6 and 2.2 centimeters, a dense flow with 20, 40 and 60 g/L concentrations occurred in an acceptor ambient with H/d = 2. The results showed that equilibrium length was extremely decreased by increasing the concentrations; this was such that with increasing the concentration three times from 20 to 60 g/L, this length was decreased from 25 to 10. However, based on the results, it was found that the effect of the changes of the viscosity parameter over the relative length was significant, as its effect was high in all concentrations to 100; then it tended to become a constant value.. In this regard, the effect of changes in the surface tension parameters over the relative length was investigated; the results showed that this parameter was always effective in the extremely shallow acceptor ambient at all stages from the beginning to the end of the progress. It is important to note that this had a constant slope in all concentrations and surface tension had an effect on flow diffusion with a certain trend in all concentrations. In fact, surface tension in all concentrations reached to 5 after the equilibrium length and jet energy dissipation area.
