A field experiment was conducted using a factorial in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Hashemi in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization. The first factor comprised four N levels (0, 46, 69, and 92 kg N ha⁻¹), and the second factor comprised three P₂O₅ levels (0, 23, and 46 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹), with three replications conducted over two cropping years. At the end of the growing season, growth indices, yield, and yield components of rice were measured. The results indicated that the main effects of N and P fertilization on several traits (aboveground dry matter, grain yield, and straw yield) were significant at the 1% probability level. The N × P interaction for grain yield and the main effect of year were significant for most traits at the 5% level. The highest grain yield (935.2 kg ha⁻¹) and straw yield (1455 kg ha⁻¹) occurred with 92 kg N ha⁻¹ and 46 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹, representing increases of 115% and 120%, respectively, relative to the control (no N or P applied). This treatment is recommended for rice production under ratoon cultivation in areas with similar climatic and soil conditions
