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Measurment of Sediment Quality According to Heavy Metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni) Status in Sediments: The Coastal Sediments of Bushehr Port
Z. Moradi, E. Solgi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (winter 2020)
Abstract
Sediments are the sink where various contaminants accumulate; they are an inseparable component of ecosystems; among heavy metals are very important because of their harmful effects on the ecosystems and their long extremely long persistency. The present study was conducted to determine the concentration and contamination degree of heavy metals (Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese and Nickel) in the coastal sediments of Bushehr Port. In order to sampling sediments, a distance of 10 km was considered. Acid digestion method was used to prepare the samples for metal analysis. Also, the physical properties of the sediments were measured using the standard methods. The metal enrichment and contamination status in the sediments were determined using the contamination degree (Cd), the modified degree of contamination (mCd), the contamination factor (CF), the enrichment factor (EF), and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo). Based on the results, the distribution of heavy metals in sediments were obtained as Ni Fe> Mn > Zn > Cu >. In the present study, due to the distance between Asalouyeh and Bushehr port, a low nickel concentration was obtained. The results of Igeo and other indices showed that the surface sediments of the study were uncontaminated. Comparison of heavy metals in Bushehr Port sediments with sediment quality standards showed that the concentration of metals in this study was less than the standard levels. As a result, the Coastline of Bushehr port was not contaminatied with iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and nickel metals. The study, therefore, indicated that although there were slight changes in these indices, the combination of the indices could give us a comprehensive cognition of heavy metals risks in the surface sediments of the Bushehr Port.

Systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis of Risk, Toxicity Potential, and Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risks of Potentially Toxic Elements in Arak City
F. Beigmohammadi, E. Solgi, M. Soleimani, A.a. Besalatpour,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (Fall 2022)
Abstract
The industrial areas are located near residential centers in the city of Arak and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution is a serious threat to human health and living organisms in this area. Meanwhile, soil contamination by PTEs is one of the challenges in this region and various studies have been conducted in this area. Meta-analysis studies provide a comprehensive evaluation of the results of a subject. In the present study, soil contamination data for PTEs in the 11 years (2009 to 2020) were studied through the studies conducted in Arak. In this study, the risk, potential toxicity, and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PETs were assessed using indices and mathematical relationships. Based on the results of pollution indices, the soil of Arak city in terms of PETs including Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, Pb, Cu, and Hg were categorized into the polluted and highly polluted classes. The soil of the region in terms of PETs has significant ecological risk and acute toxicity. Cadmium, arsenic, and mercury showed the ecological risk of 49.3%, 23.2%, and 18.3% respectively, and nickel, chromium, and arsenic were responsible for 34.7%, 23.03%, and 22.07% of the toxicity potential of PETs in the soil. Arsenic, nickel, and chromium have the highest carcinogenic risk for children in both the ingestion and inhalation pathways, and chromium, arsenic, and nickel have the highest carcinogenic risk from the inhalation pathway for adults. According to the results, the most considerable PETs in the study area including As, Cd, and Pb, and the most important source of their emission in Arak are anthropogenic resources and industries.

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