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Showing 23 results for Mediation
Investigation of Bioremediation of Quinoa plant for Desalination of unconventional waters
J. Abedi Koupaei, M.m. Dorafshan, A.r. Gohari,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
One of the most significant techniques for saline wastewater treatment is bioremediation. Halophytes are known as the plants that can tolerate the high concentration of salts, in such salinity common plants cannot be often able to survive. In this research, the feasibility of desalination by using halophyte (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) was studied. Quinoa plants were grown in the hydroponic system in 12 containers including 9 containers with plants and 3 containers without plants as control. Fifteen plants were planted in each container and three salinity levels including 2, 8, and 14 ds/m for two different periods (15 and 30 days) were studied in a multi-factors completely randomized design. Three replications of each salinity level were conducted and the Electrical Conductivity (EC) parameters, including Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, and Chloride ions were determined before and after treatment by Quinoa plants. The results showed that the Quinoa plants reduced 5.33%, 8.12%, and 9.35% of the EC at EC~2 dS/m (Marginal Water), EC~8 dS/m (Brackish Water), and EC~14 dS/m (Saline Water), respectively. Moreover, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, and Chloride ions decreased up to 10%, 7.62%, 5.60%, and 7.01%, respectively depending on the salinity levels. Therefore, the Quinoa plant has a relatively low potential in unconventional water treatment especially saline wastewater.

Performance Evaluation of MICP Method for Sustainable Improvement of Expansive Soils
A.r. Eftekhari, M. Mirmohammad Sadeghi, A. Jalalian,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
The use of biotechnology-based methods in the field of geotechnical engineering has led to the birth of new knowledge of biogeotechnology and several studies have been conducted using this new knowledge in various geotechnical issues including reducing permeability and increasing shear strength, especially in sandy soils and the desired results have been obtained. Nevertheless, little research has been done using biogeotechnology in the field of improving the mechanical properties of clay soils, especially in reducing the swelling of expansive soils, which is considered one of the types of problematic soils. The main cause of swelling of expansive soils is the presence of montmorillonite clays in these types of soils. Using chemical additives to stabilize expansive soils such as lime and cement is a common practice. However, environmental concerns related to greenhouse gas production caused by the production of chemical substances and the destructive effects of these substances on the environment and soils have encouraged researchers to use other sustainable stabilization alternatives. Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) is a technique that can be a promising solution to solve this problem. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the MICP method on the swelling of expansive clay soils and its effect on the mechanical strength of this type of soil. One-dimensional swelling tests, uniaxial compressive strength tests, and Atterberg limits tests were performed on clay soil with a liquid limit of 53 using Sporosarcina pasteurii bacteria, calcium chloride, and urea as nutrients. Taguchi's method was used for the design of the experiments and the statistical analysis of the results. This method designs experiments through partial factorial and reduces their number without a significant effect on the results. Bacterial concentration, nutrient molarity ratio, treatment time, and soil moisture were selected as four factors with Four levels of variation. The results showed that the (MICP) method was effective in reducing the swelling potential of expansive soils and also caused a significant increase in the unconfined compressive strength of the soil and its undrained shear strength.

Phytoremediation of Pb-Contaminated Soils Using Chrysypogon zizanioides in Lashkardar Protected Area, Malayer County
B. Attaeian, S. Hosseinzadeh Alikordi, S. Mortazavi,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Mine exploitation has led to the rangeland's destruction. In this study, the phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soils by Chrysypogon zizanioides was investigated in the soil around the lead mine of Lashkar region, located in Malayer county. In the initial measurement, the amount of soil Pb contamination in the rangeland was estimated to be 600 milligrams per kilogram of dry soil. By evaluating the environmental effects of lead in the region, the coefficients of geoaccumulation index, pollution degree, and potential ecological risk were observed in the infinite to very high range. The research was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 Pb pollution levels (0, 300, 600, and 1600 mg/kg) in 4 replications in the greenhouse of Malayer University for 130 days. At the end of the period, lead concentration in soil, root, shoot, BCF bioaccumulation index, TF transfer coefficient, shoot, and root productivity in vetiver plants were measured. The results showed the increasing effect of soil Pb concentration on the amount of root and shoot Pb concentrations. At the level of 1600 mg/kg contamination, the Pb concentration in the shoot and root reached 242.94 and 242.02 mg/kg, respectively. At most levels of contamination except the level of 1600 mg/kg, the BCF indicators in the root and shoot and the TF coefficient were less than one. TF <1 indicates the lack of high concentration of Pb in harvesting organs and the health of the aerial production. So, vetiver is recommended for the rangeland reclamation in the study area.

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