Showing 19 results for Heidari
M. R. Asgharipour, A. Ghanbari Bonjar, H. Azizmoghadam, A. R. Sirousmehr, M. Heidari,
Volume 16, Issue 62 (Winte - 2013 2013)
Abstract
In this study the effects of irrigation with raw or diluted municipal effluents along with foliar micro-nutrients fertilizer spray were examined on the growth, yield and mineral nutrient in foxtail millet plants. The experimental design was a split-plot with three irrigation sources (namely raw sewage, 50% diluted sewage and well water) as main-treatment and four combinations of Mn and Zn foliar spraying as sub-treatments, which were applied with three replications. The experiment was conducted at the Zabol University research farm during 2009. The applied municipal effluents contained higher levels of macro and micro-nutrients than the well water. The experimental results indicated that irrigation of plants by raw or diluted sewage improved the measured growth parameters and productivity of foxtail millet plants. In addition macro and micro-nutrients concentrations were improved. These improvements were attributed to the presence of high levels of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matters in wastewater. Manganese and Zn supplied through sewage water alone were not able to raise the productivity of millet to the level obtained through fertilizers at the recommended level, which indicated that additional nutrients through fertilizers are required to obtain higher productivity of millet under sewage farming. Despite the differences in nutrients concentration among different irrigation water sources, the micro-nutrients foliar spray did not affect concentration of macro and micro-nutrients in foxtail millet plant. Overall, the results suggest that municipal sewage could be efficiently utilized as an important source of water and nutrients in growing foxtail millet Sewage water irrigation did not have any appreciable harmful effect on crop productivity.
Hadis Feizi, Mostafa Chorom, Arsalan Heidari,
Volume 17, Issue 64 (summer 2013)
Abstract
In order to describe soils polluted with hydrocarbons, the amount and distribution pattern of soil heavy metals (Ni, Cd) in soils were studied. Soil samples were taken from one of the western oil field of Iran. The field was naturally exposed to crude oil spillage into soil and consequently was environmentally polluted during the development, production, transportation and storage of crude oil. Sampling was started near the oil wells with maximum relative contamination and continued to the remote places based on grid sampling pattern. Samples were characterized by physicochemical analysis. The results revealed different levels of total hydrocarbons (from 0.12 to 2.99 mg/kg of dry soil), Ni (from 32 to 136 mg/kg. of dry soil) and Cd (from 0 to 4mg/kg of dry soil). In addition, the role of soil agents such as pH and EC and sedimentary indexes was considerable in controlling the pollution trend in the studied area. Finally, by interpolation module and prediction of unknown values via Kriging techniques, the expansion plans were created. The extracted plans obviously illustrated the decrease in the levels of pollution indexes with the increase in distance from the given centers of pollution
Mohammad Hossein Noori Gheidari,
Volume 17, Issue 64 (summer 2013)
Abstract
In order to monitor the changing water table in the field, determination of the main sampling points is very important to reduce sites and save time and cost. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the data reduction techniques used to extract the important components that explain the variance of a system. In this paper, the PCA was used to identify the effective wells of Qheidar Aqufer, Zanjan, to determine the groundwater level and remove the less important ones. From the study region which an area of about 920 km2, 48 wells (sites) were investigated. Using PCA, the relative importance of each well was calculated between 0 (for completely ineffective well) to 1 (for the very effective wells). The study showed the elimination of wells whose relative importance was less than 0.5 (i.e. half the total number of wells), coefficient of variation of groundwater level relative to the use of all wells did not greatly increase, and the error to determine the level of groundwater was less than 13 percent.
A. Heidari, A. Hemmat, S.m Rezvani,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (Spring 2014)
Abstract
efficiency was investigated during a 2-year period (2009-2010) in a silty clay loam soil in Tajarak Research Station
(Kaboudarahang Township), Hamedan. The experimental design was a strip-plot within a randomized complete blocks
design. The horizontal band, the irrigation water rate after flowering, included full and deficit irrigation (100% and 75%
potato water requirement) and the vertical band, kind of inter-planting row tillage including 1- subsoiling to 30-35 cm
soil depth, 2- chiseling to 20-25 cm soil depth, 3- sweeping to 5 cm soil depth and 4- no-till. During the growing
season, soil mechanical resistance (cone index) in two stages and water infiltration into the soil were measured. At the
end of the growth season (harvesting time), potato yield quantity and quality were measured. Result showed that the
effect of inter-row tillage on soil mechanical resistance was significant. Subsoiling and chiseling had lower soil
mechanical resistance and higher water permeability between treatments, respectively. The effect of inter-row tillage on
potato yield was significant so subsoiling and chiseling had a higher potato yield between treatments, respectively. The
effect of irrigation water rate on potato yield was not significant. The effect of inter-row tillage on water use efficiency
wasn’t significant.
P. Asadi Alasvand, A. Heidari,
Volume 19, Issue 74 (Winter 2016)
Abstract
Technosols are modified soils affected by human activities. This study investigated genesis, classification and physicochemical properties of four pedons of Technosols developed on refused oil refinery materials and compared them with two unpolluted pedons. Mineralogical studies showed smectite as a dominant clay mineral with other clay minerals. These clay minerals adsorb oil compounds in their interlayer spaces and reduce their mobility and decomposition. Different micromorphological features resulting from oil compounds in soils, including depletion zones, types of coatings (quasi and hypocoating) and features due to horizontal and vertical movement of oil compound in soil showed dynamics of oil compounds and their effects on soil forming process. The refused petroleum compounds decrease pH and increase organic carbon, amorphous form of Iron in soils. Taking into account the presence of high amounts of gypsum and carbonate in polluted soil, the studied soils were classified as Typic Calcigypsids in Soil Taxonomy but in WRB system, due to the presence of impermeable geomembrane within 100 cm of soil surface, they were classified as Linic Technosols, showing the more precision of WRB system in their classification.
A Heidari, H. Haji Agha Alizadeh, A. R. Yazdanpanah, J. Amiri Parian,
Volume 20, Issue 78 (Winter 2017)
Abstract
Traditionally, most corn field in Hamedan Province is prepared for planting by moldboard plowing followed by a number of secondary tillage operations. In recent years conservation tillage systems have become more popular. This research was conducted in the form of a split plot experimental design with six tillage treatments and three replications. Main tillage methods including: (T1) conventional tillage (moldboard plow + cyclotiller equipped with roller), (T2) combination tiller (chisel plow equipped with roller) (T3) bandary tillage with chisel blades were considered as main plots and two P fertilizer application including: (F1) fertilize broadcasting and (F2) fertilizer bandary placement were considered as sub plots. During growing seasons, soil mechanical resistance (cone index), soil bulk density and water infiltration in soil were measured. At the end of the growing season (harvesting time), corn yield and its components were measured. Results indicated that tillage methods and soil depth had a significant effect on the soil bulk density and cone index. The effect of tillage on water infiltration in soil was significant. The effect of P fertilizer application on corn yield was significant (P≤0/01) and P fertilizer bandary placement with mean corn yield of 10862 kg/ha had higher yield value than the fertilizer broadcasting with mean corn yield of 9965 kg/ha. Although the difference between tillage methods for corn yield was not statistically different, T2 treatment with mean corn yield of 10913 kg/ha had higher yield value than the other two tillage treatments (T1 with mean corn yield of 10106 kg/ha and T3 with mean corn yield of 10222 kg/ha).
F. Heidari, K. Shirani, R. Saboohi,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (Fall 2017)
Abstract
The Ab-Barik watershed in Bam is a part of Lut desert basin. It is like all other desert areas which has erosion problems caused by wind erosion, sand and soil storms. The result of these sand storms appears as continuous and isolated sand hills. In this paper it was attempted to identify direction and source of harvest points by using sedimentological methods. This was accomplished by step by step sand processed method. At the first step the main direction of harvest areas was determined by some studies such as collecting public information, the study of general morphology and measuring sand hill, comparison of aerial photos in different periods and analysis of region winds. At the second step the origin of sand areas was recognized by investigations such as the study of geomorphological facies of lands of harvest regions with emphasis on morphodynamic wind, granulation of sand hills elements and surface soil of erosionic facies plots at harvest lands, study of morphoscopy of forming particles of samples and determination of indices including central diameter, roundness, sorting and mineralogy of samples. The results revealed that the main source of sands is clay pan facies and farm lands, especially waste lands. Also, the main direction of harvest areas displacement is from south, southwest to north, and northeast. Application of results of this study can modify the used management methods, controlling and confronting with the problem of wind erosion and sand and soil storms.
Z. Heidari, M. Farasati, R. Ghobadian,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
To design cost-effective and efficient drip irrigation systems, it is necessary to know the vertical and horizontal advance of the wetting front under the point source; also, the proper management of drip irrigation systems requires an awareness of the soil water distribution. Many factors influence wetting pattern dimensions, including discharge, land slope, irrigation time and soil texture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of the support vector machine in simulating the wetting pattern under trickle irrigation. After preparing a physical model made of Plexiglas with specific dimensions and filled with silty clay loam soils, experiments were conducted in the irrigation laboratory of Razi University, Iran, with emitters of 2, 4, 6 and 8 l/hour discharge during the irrigation intervals of 2 hours and 24 hours redistribution and 0,5,15 and 20% slope with three replications. In this study, the statistical indicators R2, RMSE, MBE and MEF were used. R2 values for the wet depth, width and area were 0.96, 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. Regarding the MBE value, the SVM model estimated the wet width and depth parameters to be 3% less than the actual value, and simulated the wet area 2.04% less than the real value. Also, according to the MEF and RMSE values, the SVM model simulated the wet area parameter with more error. Overall, the results showed that the SVM model had a high ability to estimate the wetting pattern parameters.
P. Heidarirad, A. A. Kamanbedast, M. Heidarnezhad, A. R. Masjedi, H. Hasoonizadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Water supply at a desired rate at any time to meet the water requirements regardless of river discharge must be considered in the general design of intakes provided that the needs do not exceed the river flow. Due to the lack of necessary information in this field and the importance of sediment transport to the lateral intakes at river bends, this study aimed at understanding the mechanism of this phenomenon. To this end, the combined effect of convergence and divergence in lateral intakes on the sediment transport was investigated. According to the results, the diversion discharge to the intake was increased by converging the laboratory flume. By narrowing and converging the end of the flume, the diversion discharge was increased further, so that as the flume was converged to the size (b/B) of 0.75 and 0.5, the diversion discharge to the intake was increased by 13.6% and 75%, respectively. This could be connected to narrowing, flow obstruction and backflow to the intake. In contrast, different results were found by diverging the flume. In other words, the inflow to the intake was decreased by diverging the flume. As the flume end was diverged, the diversion discharge was decreased further. By diverging the flume to the size (b/B) of 0.75 and 0.5, the diversion discharge to the intake was decreased by 21.9 and 31.8%, respectively. The average diversion discharge to the intake at 30, 60 and 90º was 13.2, 15.2 and 11.5%, respectively. By converting the flume to the size (b/B) of 0.75 and 0.5, the diversion sediment to the intake was increased by 18.5 and 71.4%. In contrast, by diverging the flume to the size (b/B) of 0.75 and 0.5, the diversion sediment to the intake was decreased by 35.4 and 49.9%, respectively.
P. Heidari, S. Hojati, N. Enayatzamir, A. Rayatpisheh,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (Fall 2020)
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of land use change (forest and rangelands to agriculture) on some micromorphological indices of soil quality in part of Rakat watershed, southwest of Iran. Accordingly, intact soil samples from 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths were collected from the above-mentioned land uses, and microstructure, type and abundance of voids, redoximorphic features, and humic substances were compared. The results showed that in the natural forest use, most of the voids are in the form of macropores, whereas after their conversion to agriculture, these types of voids have little development. In natural rangelands uses, voids were mainly oriented channels and of macropore type, but after switching from pasture to agriculture, they were mainly of vughy type. The results showed that natural forests (27.73%) and natural grasslands (22.28%) had more abundance of voids than forest to agriculture (19.01%) and grassland to agriculture (18.62%) land uses. In both natural forests and pasture land uses, various types of iron and manganese nodules, coatings, hypo-coatings, and quasi-coatings were significantly higher than agricultural land uses.
M. Farzamnia, M. Akbari, M. Heidarisoltanabadi,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
The agricultural sector depends largely upon water and energy resources to fulfill sufficient water for producing adequate food for the rapidly growing world’s population. It requires great effort to improve water and energy productivity for agricultural products to provide consumers’ health as well as environmental protection. In this study, the volume of irrigated water, crop yield, water productivity, and the consumed energy for onion crops irrigated with sprinkler or surface irrigation methods under farmer management were measured and compared. The measurements were recorded from 2020 to 2021, on 17 farms across Esfahan Province where onion was a main crop in the region. The measured data from the foregoing two irrigation methods were statistically analyzed using t-test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The outcomes revealed that the volume of irrigated water as well as crop yield was greater for surface irrigation method compared to sprinkler irrigation, and the differences were statistically significant. Moreover, water productivity for onions irrigated with a sprinkler irrigation system was significantly higher (p<0.01) in comparison with onions irrigated with the surface method. In addition, the results indicated a significantly direct correlation between the volume of irrigated water and onion yield, whereas a significantly indirect correlation was observed between the volume of irrigated water and water productivity. A significantly inverse correlation was found between the productivity of energy for irrigation and energy consumption; so, an increase in the energy for irrigation resulted in a decrease in energy productivity. Based on the results of this study, the sprinkler method is more effective than the surface for irrigation of onion.
