Showing 68 results for Mousavi
S. K. Mousavi, P. Pezeshkpour, M. Shahverdi,
Volume 11, Issue 40 (summer 2007)
Abstract
The effects of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties, and sowing dates on weed interference were investigated in a 2-year (2002-3, and 2003-4 growing season) field experiment in Agricultural Research Station of Kohdasht in Lorestan Province. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in factorial arrangement with 3 replications. The experiment had 3 factors: weed interference at 2 levels (weed free, and weed infested throughout the total growing season), planting date at 3 levels (autumn, winter, and spring) and Chickpea varieties at 3 levels (ILC482, Hasham, and Greet). Weed density in autumn sowing plots was more than 3 and 7 times greater in autumn chickpea than in winter and spring sowing plots, respectively. Weed biomass in autumn sowing was 2.5 times as much as winter or spring sowing. Wild safflower and volunteer barley were the most frequent among the weed species. Volunteer barley was mainly present in autumn and winter planting dates. Wild safflower was among the weed species that in addition to competition, caused much difficulty to chickpea harvesting. Based on the hyperbolic curve fitted to the data, Chickpea maximum biomass reduction due to weed competition was estimated to be 91.8 %.
S. Akhavan, S. F. Mousavi, B. Mostafazadeh-Fard, A. Ghadami Firoz Abadi,
Volume 11, Issue 41 (fall 2007)
Abstract
To investigate yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of potato with tape and furrow irrigations, an experiment was performed at Hamadan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center (Ekbatan station) in 2004. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot experimental design based on completely randomized block with 3 replications of irrigation water amount as the main factor (75%, 100%, 125% of cumulative evaporation from class A pan) and sub-factor of irrigation method [including tapes in the middle of furrow ridge on soil surface (TD0), tapes in the middle of furrow ridge at the depth of 5 cm (TD5), tapes on the sides of furrow ridge on soil surface (TS0), and furrow irrigation (F)]. The results indicated that yield of potato increased with increasing water use. Regardless of irrigation method, maximum (32.51 ton/ha) and minimum (19.33 ton/ha) yield of potatoes was achieved with 125% and 75% irrigation water treatments, respectively. The lowest yield (21.35 ton/ha) was obtained in furrow irrigation and the highest yield (28.91 ton/ha) belonged to tape irrigation (TD5 treatment). The highest WUE (4.68 kg/m3) belonged to tape irrigation (TD5 treatment) and the lowest WUE (3.32 kg/m3) belonged to furrow irrigation (F). The difference in WUE between 75% and 100% irrigation water treatments was not significant. The highest WUE (4.49 kg/m3) was achieved in treatment 125%. Also, it is more economical to use irrigation water treatment of 125%, as compared with other irrigation water treatments.
A Habashi, A Mousavi, M Kaviani, S Khoshkam, A Rostami,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (fall 2009)
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is propagated traditionally through offshoots or suckers, which usually appear at or below the ground level surrounding the stem base. However, there are many problems associated with this system. Offshoots are produced in limited number and vegetative propagation through them is slow, laborious, time consuming and expensive. The present study was conducted to determine the best micropropagation protocol for date palm in Kebab, Estameran, Piarom, and Berehi cultivars. The shoot apical meristem from two to three-year-old offshoots was used as source of explants. They were cultured in callus initiation medium, containing different concentrations of 2,4-D (40, 60, 80 and 100 mgl-1), NAA (10 and 20 mgl-1) and 2ip (3 and 5 mgl-1). All cultivars produced high percentage of callus with good quality in a matter of callus friability and color in 100 mgL-1 2,4-D, 20 mgL-1 NAA, and 3 mgL-1 2ip. Kabkab cultivar was superior for callus production (87.25%) in comparison with other cultivars. The calli were then transferred to a proliferation medium and then transferred to somatic embryogenesis medium containing different concentrations of Kinetin (2, 4 and 6 mgL-1), BAP (2, 4 and 6 mgL-1), and NAA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mgL-1). Somatic embryogenesis was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 kinetin, 2 mgL-1 BAP, and 0.1 mgL-1 NAA. Kabkab and Estameran cultivars showed higher somatic embryogenesis in comparison with other two cultivars. The somatic embryos were then transferred to MS medium without hormones under light, where they produced shoots and roots. Abbriviations: 2,4-D- 2,4-dichlorophenoxiaceticacid 2ip-N6(2-isopentenyl)adenine NAA-Naphthalene acetic Acid BAP-6-Benzylaminopurine MS-Murashige and skoog (1962).
M Mousavi Nasab, Gh Mesbahi, L Maghsodi,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (fall 2009)
Abstract
Pectin is a hydrocolloid with different characteristics and applications. In this study, the cryoprotective effect of pectin on frozen surimi was investigated. In this research, Kapoor surimi was made for the first time in Iran. Surimi was mixed with 1% pectin solution with the ratio of 1 to 3 (w/v). Then, pectin-containing surimi samples and control samples were packaged, frozen and stored at -20oC. Water binding capacity (WBC), salt extractable protein and drip loss of samples were measured at after 0, 2 and 4 months of storage. The results showed that the loss of WBC in pectin-containing surimi and control samples was 20% and 58%, respectively, after 4 months storage at -20oC. It means pectin could improve the WBC up to 38% in the frozen product. The loss of SEP in pectin containing surimi samples was 21% and in control samples was 25% after 4 month frozen storage, indicating pectin was again effective in maintaining the quality of frozen products. Furthermore, the increase in drip loss in pectin containing surimi was about 7% and in control samples 37%. In this case pectin also helped to decrease the loss of water soluble nutrients. Overall, the results indicate that pectin as a cryoprotectant can improve the quality of frozen surimi.
N Rouhani, H Yang, S Amin Sichani, M Afyuni, S.f Mousavi, A.a Kamgar Haghighi,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Iran, with an average annual precipitation of about 252 mm (413 BCM) and renewable freshwater resources of 130 BCM, has irregular distribution of water resources. With a high population growth rate, agriculture remains the greatest water user in Iran but its production still does not meet the total food demand of the country. Due to unreliable water availability, the competition for water from other sectors and the increasing demand for food and better diets, Iran will experience water stress. In this study, virtual water trade in relation to water resources availability has been assessed as a way of relaxing water stress in Iran. The results showed that from the 21 food products, cereals, pulses, nuts and oilseeds are water-intensive crops according to their estimated virtual water content, while fruits, vegetables and industrial crops are not water-intensive. Considering the volume of virtual water entering the country through food imports, more water will be available for other essential uses. However, the virtual water trade has been developed rather unconsciously regarding water use and crop water productivity during the past two decades. For instance, wheat with a share of 58.5% in the virtual water import to Iran, was the dominant imported crop during 1983-2003. By importing 10.4 Mt of wheat, 11.6 BCM of water has been saved within the country during 1999-2003. However, Iran became self-sufficient in wheat production in early 2005. Consequently, this latest drive for self-sufficiency in the production of wheat, as a water-intensive crop, put tremendous pressure on domestic water resources. The trend in crop trade in terms of quantity and virtual water for other groups of crops has also been shown in the study. Seemingly, crop production and import have been greatly influenced by the weather conditions. With the increasing water scarcity, the role of virtual water in food security is expected to rise continuously in Iran. Thus, conscious virtual water trade as a policy measure in water management and judicious adjustment in agricultural structure will ensure sustainable food security and water availability in Iran.
R Rostamian, S.f Mousavi, M Heidarpour, M Afyuni, K Abaspour,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Soil erosion is an important economical, social and environmental problem requiring intensive watershed management for its control. In recent years, modeling has become a useful approach for assessing the impact of various erosion-reduction approaches. ِDue to limited hydrologic data in mountainous watersheds, watershed modeling is, however, subject to large uncertainties. In this study, SWAT2000 was applied to simulate runoff and sediment discharge in Beheshtabad watershed, a sub-basin of Northern Karun catchment in central Iran, with an area of 3860 km2. Model calibration and uncertainty analysis were performed with SUFI-2. Four indices were used to assess the goodness of calibration, viz., P-factor, d-factor, R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe (NS). Runoff data (1996-2004) of six hydrometery stations were used for calibration and validation of this watershed. The results of monthly calibration p-factor, d-factor, R2 and NS values for runoff at the watershed outlet were 0.61, 0.48, 0.85 and 0.75, respectively, and for the validation, these statistics were 0.53, 0.38, 0.85 and 0.57, respectively. The values for calibration of sediment concentration at the watershed outlet were 0.55, 0.41, 0.55 and 0.52, respectively, and for the validation, these statistics were 0.69, 0.29, 0.60 and 0.27, respectively. In general, SWAT simulated runoff much better than sediment. Weak simulation of runoff at some months of the year might be due to under-prediction of snowmelt in this mountainous watershed, model’s assumptions in frozen and saturated soil layers, and lack of sufficient data. Improper simulation of sediment load could be attributed to weak simulation of runoff, insufficient data and periodicity of sediment data.
S.f Mousavi, J Mohammadzadeh Habili, M Heidarpour,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
After construction of a dam across a river, sediments settle behind the dam. It is important for dam designers to estimate the rate and distribution of sediments in the reservoir. In this study, the accuracy of area-increment and area-reduction empirical methods to predict the sediment distribution of Dez, Dorudzan and Shahid Abbaspour reservoirs is evaluated. The last measurement of sediment in these reservoirs was in 2003 (Dez), 2005 (Dorudzan) and 2005 (Shahid Abbaspour). The comparison between actual sediment distribution and predicted sediment distribution by using area-increment and area-reduction methods showed the maximum error at the depth of sediment behind the dam. At higher elevations, the error decreased and reached zero when the elevation was maximum. For Dorudzan reservoir, which has the least sediment volume (31 Mm3), the area-reduction method is less accurate, as compared to the area-increment method (81% vs. 37.5%). For Dez and Shahid Abbaspour reservoirs, where their sediment volume is high (608 and 737 Mm3, respectively), the error of the two methods is relatively equal (in Dez, 29% for both methods, and in Shahid Abbaspour, 22% for area-reduction and 25% for area-increment methods). After long-time sedimentation, the shape factor decreased and reservoir type of all three reservoirs changed to 2.
Z Maryanji, A Sabziparvar, F Tafazoli, H Zare Abianeh, H Banzhad, M Ghafouri, M Mousavi,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Under different climatic conditions of Iran, the evaluation of evapotranspiration (ETo) models sensitivity to meteorological parameters, prior to introducing the superior performance model, seems quite necessary. Using a 35-year (1971-2005) climatological observations in Hamedan, this study compares the sensitivity of different commonly used evapotranspiration models to different meteorological parameters within the IPCC recommended variability range of 10 to 20% during the growing season (April-October). The radiation and temperature-based ETo models include: Penman-Monteith -FAO56 [PMF56], Jensen-Haise [JH1,2], Humid Turc [TH], Arid (semi) arid Turc [TA], Makkink [MK], Hansen [HN], and Hargreaves-Samani [HS]. Results indicate that all the above-mentioned ETo models show the highest sensitivity to radiation and temperature parameters. This implies that special care is required when we apply model-generated radiation and albedo parameters in such ETo models. It is predicted that by 2050, as a result of global warming, the cold semi-arid climates of Iran will cause an average evapotranspiration rise of about 8.5% in crop reference during the growing season.
S Akhavan, J Abedi Koupaee, S.f Mousavi, K Abbaspour, M Afyuni, S.s Eslamian,
Volume 14, Issue 53 (fall 2010)
Abstract
Temporal and spatial distribution of water components in watersheds, estimation of water quality, and uncertainties
associated with these estimations are important issues in freshwater studies. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment
Tool (SWAT) model was used to estimate components of freshwater availability: blue water (surface runoff plus deep
aquifer recharge), green water flow (actual evapotranspiration) and green water storage (soil water), in Hamadan-Bahar
watershed. Also, the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program (SUFI2) was used to calibrate and validate the SWAT
model and do the uncertainty analysis. Degree of uncertainty is calculated by R-factor and P-factor parameters. In this
paper, results of calibration and validation are given for the river monthly discharge. In most stations, especially in
outlet of the watershed (Koshkabad station), simulation of river discharge was satisfactory. Values of R-factor in
calibration of monthly runoff were 0.4-0.8. These small values show good calibration of runoff in this watershed.
Values of P-factor were 20-60%. These small values show high uncertainty in estimations. For most stations of the
watershed, lack of data on river-water withdrawal caused poor simulation of base-flow and therefore the P-factor values
were low. Nash-Sutcliff (NS) coefficient was 0.3-0.8 after calibration, which shows good model calibration of outlet.
This study provided good information on the components of freshwater availability at spatial (sub-basin) and temporal
(monthly) scales with 95% prediction uncertainty ranges. The results of uncertainty analysis of components of
freshwater availability show that uncertainty ranges of average monthly blue water are larger than the other
components, because of its sensitivity to more parameters.
J. Abedi-Koupai, Z. Nasri, Kh. Talebi, A. Mamanpoush, S.f. Mousavi,
Volume 15, Issue 56 (sumer 2011)
Abstract
In this study, chemical quality of Zayandehrud river between Zayandehrud Regulating Dam and Nekouabad Diversion Dam, three discharging drains and one Fehlman well were measured using HPLC with determine the pollution concentration of diazinon insecticide from July 2006 to March 2007. Also, Zayandehrud’s assimilative capacity was determined. The results showed that river water and drains were not polluted to diazinon. Physical, chemical and biological factors effective in the diazinon detection were assessed. Diazinon was detected in the groundwater sample in October with concentration of 32.1 ng/L. This level was lower than the maximum permissible level for drinking water. Also, the NO-3 concentration in this month was 24 mg/L that is 2.4 times the standard level (10 mg/L). Due to the increased discharge of different wastewaters to Zayandehrud, its assimilative capacity decreased from upstream to downstream. So, prevention of use of pesticides and pre-treatment of wastewaters that are discharged to this river need more attention.
S. Yousefi-Moghadam, S. F. Mousavi, B. Mostafazadeh-Fard, M. R. Yazdani, A. Hemmat,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (Summer 2012)
Abstract
Puddling is the most common method of land preparation for lowland rice cultivation. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of various intensities of puddling on percolation rate, water retention by soil and the amount of water used for different puddling intensities in three dominant soil textures of paddy fields in Guilan province. Undisturbed soil samples were taken from 3 different soils including silty clay, clay loam and loam, with 3 replications. The soil samples were puddled by a laboratory apparatus with different intensities. The results showed that the low puddling intensity treatment caused a 29.3, 32.4 and 36% reduction of percolation rate in silty clay, silty loam and loam textures, respectively. Increasing puddling intensity from low to medium reduced percolation rate significantly, but high intensity was not effective. Soil moisture characteristic curves of all three soils showed that water retention was increased by puddling treatments. Water retention in silty clay was higher than the other two soils. The high intensity treatment needed more water than low intensity for puddling. Increasing puddling intensity from medium intensity to high intensity caused 15.4, 14.1 and 16.3% increase in the amount of water required for puddling in silty clay, silty loam and loam textures, respectively. Generally, in all the three studied soil textures, the amount of water used for high-intensity puddling was more than medium-intensity puddling, while it had no significant effect on water percolation rate and soil water retention.
S. M. Mousavi, A. Hoshmand, S. Bromandnasab, M. Yazdani,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (Summer 2012)
Abstract
The common method of irrigating rice in paddy fields of Iran, like most countries, is flooded irrigation. The water required in this method is too much. However, because of water shortage in recent years, and malfunctioning of irrigation systems, it is needed to use water in a reasonable way and increase water use efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to know water loss amounts at the paddy fields. The deep percolation (DP) was measured by closed- and open-bottom rings in 4 locations, and 7 sites at each location, of paddy fields in Somae-Sara city, Guilan province. These locations were selected on the base of different physiographic units. The average DP of these locations was also monitored during plant growth season. The measurements were performed twice a week. Results showed that the rate of DP varied during the season, and could take a positive or negative value. The most important factors of these variations were the lateral seepage (from surrounding rice fields) and the high perched groundwater table in paddy fields.
S. H. Sadeghi, S. F. Mousavi, M. Heidarpour,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (Summer 2012)
Abstract
Precise calculation of inlet pressure into sprinkler laterals is an important problem for proper distribution of uniformity. The adjusted average friction correction factor, FaAVG , provides the possibility of calculating the inlet pressure to mutli-outlet pressurized irrigation pipelines when the first outlet spacing from the pipe entrance is arbitrary. To investigate the effect of allowable head-loss in the lateral pipeline on inlet pressure, a new equation was developed for calculating this factor. A progression coefficient was assumed for variable discharge of the outlets. The results showed that though the inlet pressure of the lateral depends on the head loss between the outlets, it is negligible when more than 15 outlets are used. It was also concluded that when N is less than 15 and the ratio of distance between inlet and first outlet to outlet spacing is less than 1, the conventional approaches overestimate the inlet pressure. In this research, a new equation was also developed for Christiansen friction factor in which the first outlet is located at a fraction of outlet spacing. This new factor is dependent on the head loss between the first and last outlets, in addition to the number of outlets and the power of velocity equation. The results of applying this new factor showed good correlation with other researchers’ numerical results when a large number of outlets are coalesced.
J. Asghari Meidani, E. Karimi, S. B. Mousavi,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (Summer 2012)
Abstract
This study was conducted to study and compare the effects of different tillage systems on soil physical properties and wheat yield in dryland conditions. The experiment was carried out in Maragheh Dryland Research Station with 5 treatments and 4 replications based on RCBD for 3 years (2001-2003). The results showed that difference between the treatments in terms of wheat yield was significant, and stubble chopping and chisel plow tillage in fall + sweep in spring + seed drill planting had the maximum yield (i.e. 1452 kg/ha), lower value for yield (1.077kg/ha) blonged to T1 treatment. Also the results showed that spike/plant and spike length were the main characters in yield increase. For the soil bulk density and water content, the difference between treatments was significant and in planting and flowering stages stubble chopping and chisel plow in fall + sweep in spring + planting by seed drill had the highest soil water content and the lowest bulk density
Mustafa Goodarzi, Sayed-Farhad Mousavi, Majid Behzad, Hadi Moazed,
Volume 17, Issue 64 (summer 2013)
Abstract
The transport process of chemical-fertilizers, radioactive materials and other solutes in soils and porous media is important to understand the environmental and economic effects of industrial, agricultural and urban waste disposal methods. In unsaturated porous media, large gradient in aqueous osmotic potential derives significant water vapor fluxes towards regions of high solute concentrations. In this research, the effects of osmotic potential (resulting from salinities of 0.5, 1 and 1.5%) on water vapor transport in three soil textures (silty clay loam, loam and sandy loam) were examined by using a physical laboratory model. Then, the experimental results were compared with Kelly and Selker (2001) model for validation of the predicted water vapor transport. The results showed that the rate of water vapor transport reduces significantly as soil texture gets heavier. For example, in salinity of 0.5% and 5th day of experiment, the amount of transported vapor in sandy loam, loam and silty clay loam soils was 0.362, 0.196 and 0.12 kg/m2, respectively. Large osmotic potential near the high solute concentration in soils caused significant vapor movement toward dense solutions. In salinity of 1.5%, transported vapor in these soils was 1.47, 0.723 and 0.38 kg/m2, respectively. Total water vapor movement until the 15th day was more than the 5th day. Comparison of experimental results with Kelly and Selker model results, using Mathcad PLUS 6.0 software, showed a good agreement between the observed and predicted data. Since water vapor delivered from uncontaminated soils to the contaminated soils can result in increased contaminant plume volume, these physical and chemical processes must be included in the predictive models of contaminant transport in the vicinity of concentrated sources
A. Ahmadnejad, J. Abedi Koupai, F. Mousavi,
Volume 17, Issue 66 (winter 2014)
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Drought stress is one of the environmental factors limiting sesame production. The effects of water deficiency can be reduced by inoculation of plant roots with mycorrhiza fungi. In this experiment, the objective was to determine the effects of different levels of water application (60, 80 and 100% of soil moisture depletion) using surface drip irrigation method and inoculation of plants with mycorrhiza on WUEag of sesame. The experiment was arranged using a factorial design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Farm of Isfahan University of Technology in 2011. Results showed that the effect of irrigation regime on WUEag of seed yield was not significant. However, the effect of mycorrhiza on WUEag of seed yield was significant. The highest WUEag (0.74 kg/m3) was related to irrigation regime of 80% and mycorrhiza. The effect of irrigation regime and mycorrhiza on WUEag of oil yield were significant. The highest WUEag (0.43 kg/m3) was related to irrigation regime of 100% and mycorrhiza inoculation.
A. Mousavi, F. Khayamim, H. Khademi, H. Shariatmadari,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (Spring 2014)
Abstract
In Iran, no research has yet been performed on potassium release from feldspar in comparison with that from muscovite. The objective of this research was to compare potassium release kinetics of these minerals as influenced by organic and inorganic extractants using successive extraction method. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with a factorial combination. Treatments consisted of three kinds of K-bearing minerals (Muscovite, and Yazd and Ward feldspars), three extractants including CaCl2, oxalic and citric acids of 0.01 M concentration and 6 times of extraction (1, 2, 8, 24 and 48 hours). The results indicated that the potassium release from muscovite was 6-8 times higher than that from feldspars. The type of extractant significantly affected potassium release. Potassium release by organic extractants was 2.5-3 times higher than that by CaCl2 as an inorganic extractant. Different kinetic equations showed that power function, parabolic diffusion and first order equations adequately described K release whereas Elovich equation did not. Among the three equations, power function equation was selected as the best model describing K release from the minerals. Based on the selected kinetic equations, it seems that potassium release from K-bearing minerals is controlled by diffusion process.
M. S. Mousavi Dastenaei, H. Khademi,
Volume 18, Issue 70 (winter 2015)
Abstract
Few investigations have been carried out on the ability of different plants to take up non-exchangeable potassium (K). The objective of this investigation was to examine the ability of different alfalfa cultivars to absorb K from phlogopite. An experiment was carried out with a completely randomized design with 3 alfalfa cultivars including Pickseed 2065 (MF), Rehnani (R) and Hamadani (H) grown in a quartz sand medium containing <53 micron sized phlogopite under complete and K-free nutrient solutions for a period of 6 months. During the growth period, the shoot was harvested 4 times. At the end of the experiment, the root was also separated from the growth medium and collected. Plant samples were extracted using the dry ash method and their K concentration was determined. Under the K-free nutrient solution, the highest shoot and root K concentration and uptake were found for the MF cultivar. The shoot and root K concentration in this cultivar were respectively 1.6 and 1.5 times higher than those in the R cultivar and 1.8 times greater than those in the H cultivar. The K uptake in the shoot and root of the MF cultivar was respectively 1.6 and 1.9 times higher than that of the H cultivar and 1.6 and 1.5 times higher than that of the R cultivar. Thus, in addition to other parameters, the type of plant variety should be taken into account when K requirement is evaluated.
R. Rostamian, M. Heidarpour, S.f. Mousavi, M. Afyuni,
Volume 19, Issue 71 (spring 2015)
Abstract
In recent years, use of carbon-based adsorbents has increased in pollution reduction from aqueous solutions. Biochar is a carbon-rich porous material, with low costs, and environmentally friendly, which is prepared by pyrolysis of biomass. In this study, potential of rice husk biochar to desalinate irrigation water with EC of 5, 15 and 25 dS/m was investigated. The effect of pyrolysis temperatures of 400 (RHB4), 600 (RHB6) and 800 (RHB8) on selected physicochemical characteristics and their desalination power was considered. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature has a significant effect on biochar properties. RHB6 with 301.1 mg g-1 desalination capacity was more efficient than the other biochars. This adsorbent had maximum surface area (211 m2 g-1) and total pore volume (0.114 cm3 g-1). The results of this study could open new horizons to manage the agricultural wastes and simultaneously reduce the cost of irrigation water.
S. M. Mousavi, S. M. Mirlatifi, S. H. Tabatabaei,
Volume 19, Issue 71 (spring 2015)
Abstract
The effects of water quality, installation depth and space of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) laterals on yield and visual quality of turfgrass were investigated. A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Shahrekord University. The experimental design was a Split-Split Plot with experimental arrangement of completely randomized block design with 16 treatments and three replications. Treatments included two types of water quality: well water (W) and treated wastewater (WW), two installation spaces of SDI laterals (45 and 60 cm) and four depths of placement of SDI laterals (15, 20, 25 and 30 cm). Turfgrass indices recorded during the experiment included height, dry mass, color, visual density and growth uniformity. The ANOVA results showed that interaction of irrigation water quality × lateral spacing × installation depth of SDI laterals is significant on the height, dry mass and growth uniformity of turfgrass. Irrigation with wastewater as compared to well water produced grass with significantly higher height and more dry weight. Treatments irrigated with well water had a better growth uniformity than those treatments irrigated with wastewater. Results indicated that there was no significant effect of experimental factors on turfgrass color. The interactional effect of lateral spacing and installation depth on the turfgrass density was significant. Increasing installation depth and laterals spacing caused a decrease in turf’s yield and visual quality.
