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Showing 44 results for ghorbani
Determination of Wheat Stress Index(CWSI) in Karaj for Use in Irrigation Scheduling
M. Abdi, H. Sharifan, H. Jafari, Kh. Ghorbani,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (ُSummer 2022)
Abstract
The irrigation schedule of crops is the most effective way to increase agricultural water use efficiency. In irrigation planning, determining the irrigation time is more important and difficult than determining the depth of irrigation water. Among all methods of determining the irrigation time of crops, the methods which used plants are more accurate than other methods. In this study, the wheat water stress index has been used which is based on the air vapor pressure deficit and the difference between vegetation and air temperature (Tc-Ta). First of all, the diagram and the relationship between the top and bottom baselines were extracted, then the water stress index of wheat was drawn in the Karaj region. Secondly, to determine the optimal water stress index of wheat, four treatments including I1: 30% of maximum allowable depletion of moisture, I2: 45% of maximum allowable depletion of moisture, I3: 60% of maximum allowable depletion of moisture, I4: 75% of maximum allowable depletion of moisture were performed in four replications. The amount of water stress index of each treatment was calculated during the season separately, and the CWSI of the treatment with the highest water use efficiency was used to determine the irrigation time of wheat. The results showed that the relationship between the upper and lower baseline for wheat in the Karaj region is Tc-Ta = 3.6 0c and 
Tc-Ta = -0.27VPD - 2.64, respectively. The treatment of 45% of maximum allowable depletion of moisture had the highest water use efficiency and the optimal water stress index for wheat was obtained at 0.36 in the Karaj region.

Evaluation of the Simultaneous Effect of Changes of Climatic Variables and Land Use on the Actual Evapotranspiration Trend Using the SWAT Model in the Ajichi Basin
H. Ahmadzadeh, A. Fakheri Fard, Mohammad Ali Ghorbani, M. Tajrishy,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (Fall 2022)
Abstract
Determining the actual evapotranspiration value and analyzing its temporal trend is essential for optimal water resources management in a basin. In the present paper, the actual evapotranspiration time series is simulated and its trend is analyzed according to the trend of climatic variables and land use in the Ajichi basin during the period of 2015-1987. The comprehensive SWAT model was set up, calibrated, and validated for the Ajichi basin. Also, the average of simulated actual evapotranspiration of crops (in wet years) was compared with similar values in the National Water Document. The results of the Mann-Kendall trend test showed that the annual rainfall in most meteorological stations had a decreasing trend and the rainfall trend in the ten stations decreased significantly. While the annual maximum temperature at all stations and the annual minimum temperature in most of them have significantly increased. Investigation of land use maps illustrated that the irrigated land area of the basin has increased by a 39% during the study period. According the study's results, the potential evapotranspiration of the basin has had a significant increasing trend with a rate of 2.54 mm per year. The results indicated that despite the increasing trend of potential evapotranspiration and irrigated land area, the actual evapotranspiration of the basin had a significant decreasing trend with a rate of 2.2 mm per year due to the decrease in rainfall.

Investigation of the Effective Factors on the Improvement of Stakeholders Relationships in the Zayandeh-Rud Basin
M. Ghorbanian, D.r A.m. Liaghat, M. Fasihi Harandi,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Many of the social and security issues of the Zayandeh-Rud basin are the result of the government becoming the sole agent of governance and the gaps in the command-control governance structure. It is clear that the main issue to achieve participatory governance is the gap in stakeholder relations and the lack of a coherent and flexible agenda to improve these relations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide solutions for improving relationships as a starting point and key to reforming the governance structure. The management and transition framework (MTF) was used to analyze the stakeholders and the relationships between them that showed the concentration of tension in the relationship between Isfahan farmers and the Ministry of Energy (Isfahan Regional Water Company). Also, using the MTF database and the participatory model building (PMB) based on interviews with key Stakeholders, the causes, solutions, consequences, and obstacles to improve these relationships were extracted in the form of causal circles. Finally, by focusing on the solutions, the conceptual model of improving the relations between the Stakeholders and the solutions presented by the interviewees, including holding local elections and convening the Zayandeh-Rud Basin water assembly, mediation with interdisciplinary knowledge approach, participatory management working groups, the formation and strengthening of the economic committee improve the livelihood of farmers, the holding of government meetings with farmers and industries were reviewed.

Locating of Watershed Management Operations with MCDM Approach and AHP and ANP Methods (Case Study: Saqezchi-Chay Watershed in Ardabil Province)
R. Dabiri, H. Abghari, A. Ghorbani,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Management of watersheds and sustainable development today requires the most suitable and fastest method of obtaining and integrating information for optimal management and planning. One of the challenges of watershed management in the stage of planning and implementation of remedial and rehabilitation operations is choosing the appropriate and correct location; to have the necessary maximum efficiency and effectiveness, due to the high cost of mechanical operations and the lack of financial resources, select the right place to construct mechanical corrective dams has particular importance. Therefore, the objective of this research was to locate mechanical watershed management operations with a multi-criteria approach using AHP and ANP decision methods and compare the two methods in the geographic information system environment at the Saqezchi-Chay watershed. The research criteria and sub-criteria of 14 variables included soil (depth and texture), climate (type and precipitation amount), land use and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), hydrological factors and soil protection (flow accumulation, sedimentation rate, and curve number), topography (elevation and slope) and economic and social (distance from the village, from loan sources and the road). Expert judgments for weighting were collected through a questionnaire and in a field method with a statistical population of 29 experts and university professors. The results of this research showed that the ANP method had a significant correlation with the AHP method at the level of 95% and with an intensity of 0.839 and by comparing the prioritization of the two methods with Masonry Check Dams structures implemented in the Saqezchi-Chay watershed, it was determined that the ANP method prioritizes with more accuracy and resolution due to its network nature and increasing the range of changes.

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