Showing 15 results for سویا
Y. Raei, M. Sedghi, R. Seied Sharifi,
Volume 12, Issue 43 (4-2008)
Abstract
A factorial experiment, based on RCB design, with three replications was conducted to evaluate the effects of rhizobial inoculation, urea, and weeds on soybean performance in the field. The factors under study consisted of inoculation and non-inoculation, three levels of 0, 150, and 300 kg/ha urea, and weed-control and weed-infestation. Results showed that weed-control, inoculation and urea application increased biological and seed yield. The highest effect on yield was due to weed control, followed by inoculation and urea application. Inoculation, weed-control and urea application of 300 kg/ha enhanced protein percentage in soybean grains. In this case, inoculation had the highest effect on protein percentage, followed by urea application and weed control. In contrast, only weed-control significantly increased seed oil percentage. Seed filling rate increased as a result of inoculation, but, seed filling duration was not affected by inoculation. Weed-control improved seed filling rate and duration. Urea application induced seed filling duration, but had not any effect on seed filling rate.
Y. Raei, K. Ghasemi Golezani, A. Javanshir, H. Aliari, A. Mohammadi,
Volume 12, Issue 45 (10-2008)
Abstract
Concerning the effects of increasing the species number on the maintenance of ecological stability and agricultural ecosystems sustainability, two field studies were conducted in 2002 and 2003 to evaluate the effects of plant population densities on soybean and sorghum intercropping at the Research Center, the Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. Cultural pattern was an additive series. The factorial set of treatments was arranged within a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor comprised soybean densities of 20, 30, 40, and 50 plants/m2, and the second factor consisted of sorghum densities of 0, 4, 8, and 12 plants/m2. The results indicated that both soybean and sorghum yields were significantly affected by soybean and sorghum densities. Soybean yield increased as density increased up to 40 plants/m2, and then decreased with increasing soybean density from 40 to 50 plants/m2. With increasing soybean density, sorghum yield was decreased. Sorghum and soybean yields, respectively, increased and decreased as sorghum density increased. On the other hand, Soybean and sorghum densities of 20:4 (1.6) and 50:12 (0.8) had the highest and the lowest LER (Land Equivalent Ratio), respectively. It was, therefore, concluded that intercropping of Soybean and sorghum, is more advantageous, compared to their pure cultivation in the same conditions.
M Ebrahimi, S.m Khayam Nekoei, S Kadkhodaei,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is affected by several factors. In this research project, we studied the effect of explant size, wounding and desiccation treatments on somatic embryogenesis and their conversion into plantlet among three genotypes of soybean. The explants were sampled from immature embryos of soybean in three different sizes (3, 5 & 7 mm) with wounding treatment on half of each, and then were cultured on the somatic embryogenesis medium. In order to determine desiccation effect on conversion amount of embryos into plantlets, the produced embryos were affected by three levels of desiccation treatments (2, 4 & 6 days). The increase ratio of callus mean weight, percentage of embryogenic calli, embryo number per explant and percentage of embryo conversion to plantlet were used for treatment evaluation. Variance analysis of the data showed significant differences (P<0.01) between treatments regarding the variables. The results indicated that BP was a superior genotype with embryogenic capability (24.19 %) and the best explant size for somatic embryogenesis was immature embryo with 3 mm length. The six day desiccation treatment caused highest percentage of embryo conversion into plantlet (74.7 %). Wounding increased callus production on explants and number of embryos per explant (20.28), but it did not show any significant effect on percentage of embryogenic calli. Germinated somatic embryos were transferred to pots containing peat-moss. Somatic embryogenesis is an efficient method for the plant regeneration and genetic transformation. However, this method still offers low percentages of plant regeneration, and is perhaps related to the maturation process and high morphological abnormalities of the matured embryos. This study aimed to find some solutions for soybean somatic embryogenesis problems.
M Sarai Tabrizi, H Babazadeh, M Parsinejad, S.a.m Modares Sanavi,
Volume 14, Issue 52 (7-2010)
Abstract
Deficit irrigation is one of the irrigation management methods that is used to increase Water Use Efficiency. Considering the internal plant adaptability characteristic to water shortage, Partial Root Drying method has been introduced in recent years. In this field research improvement of Water Use Efficiency for Soybean was determined. This experiment which was conducted at four furrow irrigation treatments at the Research Field of Tehran University in Karaj in 2008, consists of full irrigation (100% soil moisture deficit compensation), conventional deficit irrigation at 50 and 75 percent soil moisture deficit compensation and Partial Root Drying at 50 percent soil moisture deficit compensation with three replications. The amounts of irrigation used were exactly compensation level (negligible loss). Results indicated that Water Use Efficiency according to Duncan's Multiple Range Test at the five percent level of probability there was a significant difference between partial root drying treatment (PRD50%) and conventional deficit irrigation treatment at fifty percent soil moisture deficit compensation (DI50%),. Water Use Efficiency in PRD50% compared with DI50%, DI75% and full irrigation increased by 48.3%, 61.9% and 70.1% respectively.
P. Shahinrokhsar, M. E Asadi,
Volume 16, Issue 61 (10-2012)
Abstract
Modification of irrigation scheduling and management improvement of irrigation systems are two essential factors that have significant impact on agricultural water use efficiency. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of tape drip irrigation (T) and furrow irrigation systems (S) under different irrigation regimes on yield and yield components of soybean in growing season of 2006-2007 at Gorgan Agricultural Research Station in north part of Iran. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design in a randomized complete form where each treatment was replicated three times. The main plots were irrigation systems of tape and furrow, and three irrigation regimes 100 (I100) , 75 (I75) and 50 (I50) percent of total irrigation requirement were chosen as secondary plots. Results showed that thousandgrain weight (gr) and plant height (cm) in furrow irrigation were significantly more than the tape drip irrigation method. Also significant differences between different irrigation regimes in terms of plant height, node numbers and yield were observed. So, I100 and I50 had highest and lowest values, respectively. In terms of irrigation system, 63 percent of water consumption was reduced in tape drip irrigation method. Also, the results indicated that higher and lower water use efficiencies were obtained from tape drip irrigation method with I50 treatment (1.09 kg m-3) and furrow irrigation with I100 treatment (0.50 kg m3), respectively.
F. Zarei, M.r. Nouri Emamzadehei, A.r. Ghasemi Dastgerdi, A. Shahnazari,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
The pattern of root distribution in layered soils is one of the significant issues in the calculations of soil water and irrigation management and planning. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of root distribution of soybean in layered soils and its effect on water uptake. The research was conducted in a completely randomized design with 15 treatments consisting of three different textures of soil (light, heavy, and medium) in four replications. The pattern of root distribution was monitored by the sampling of columns at the end of the growth period of the soybean. It was observed that the presence of the layer with medium texture has led to better plant development and growth after comparing the treatments in terms of plant growth. In general, root length density decreased with increasing soil depth, except in cases where there were different layers of soil, and root length density takes place in the following order: root length density in layers with medium texture≥ heavy texture≥ light texture. The rate of root water uptake rate was highest in the sandy layers, intermediate in clay, and lowest in loamy texture. Also, the rate of root water uptake rate increased significantly with increasing depth regardless of treatments. It can be concluded that the pattern of root distribution and plant growth is significantly affected by soil texture and its stratification.
