Showing 9 results for Copper
A. Karimi, A. Samie, J. Pourreza,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (7-2001)
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to study the effects of supplemental Cu (0, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and vitamin C (0, 400 and 800 mg/kg) on cholesterol and other blood components in broiler chicks. A total of 360-day-old chicks in a completely randomized block design in a factorial arrangement were used. At 56 days of age one male and one female from each pen were selected, slaughtered and blood samples were collected at slaughtering time for further analysis. After separation of serum, cholesterol, fat components, Cu and vitamin C contents of serum were measured using the relevant methods.
Copper, vitamin C, cholesterol, LDL and HDL of serum were significantly (P<0.05) affected by vitamin C and Cu supplementation. Hematocrit and mortality were not significantly affected.
F. Shir-Mohammad, N. Mahboobi Soofiani, J. Pourreza,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2005)
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of phytase and copper supplementaion on growth and carcass composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), in a completely randomized design with 3 ×2 factorial arrangement with three replicates the experimental diets including three levels of phytase 0, 500 and 1000 (FYT) kg-1 and two levels of copper 0 and 15 mg/kg were tested. Diets contained 0.72 percent total phosphorus. One hundred and forty four carps with a mean weight of 207±23 g were selected and allocated in eighteen cages (8 fish per cage). The experiment was carried out for 8 weeks and 2 weeks for acclimatization. Phytase supplementation caused no significant differences in weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass index (CI), protein efficiency ratio (PER), liver, carcass and blood composition but increased apparent phosphorous digestibility (APD) significantly (P<0.04). Copper supplementation also caused no significant differences in WG, FCR, CI, PER, APD, liver copper, carcass composition, cholesterol (Ch), triglycride (TG), phosphorus of serum but decreased liver fat significantly (P<0.004) and increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) of serum (P<0.02). Interactions between phytase and copper on WG (P<0.01), FCR (P<0.04), PER (P<0.03), liver copper (P<0.02) and TG of serum (P<0.001) were significant. This experiment suggests the presence of antagonistic effect between phytase and supplemental copper. Phytase enzyme improved some parameters of growth and carcass composition of common carp without supplemental copper but addition of copper to the diets with phytase enzyme impaired the improved performance of carp.
M Karami, M Afyuni, Y Rezaee Nejad, A Khosh Goftarmanesh,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Sewage sludge application on farmland as fertilizer is commonly practiced in many countries. Sewage sludge is rich in macro and micronutrients. However, high concentration of heavy metals in sludge may cause pollution of soil, groundwater and human food chain because of toxic metals uptake by crops. The objective of this study was to determine residual and cumulative effects of sewage sludge on concentration of Zn and Cu in soil and wheat. Different levels of 0, 25, 50 and 100 Mg ha-1 of sewage sludge were applied to the soil for four years. To study the cumulative and residual effects of the sewage sludge, applications were repeated on three fourth of each plot in the second year, on one half of plots in the third year and on one fourth of plots in the fourth year. Wheat was grown in the plots. After the fourth year, soil samples from the 0-20 cm depth of the different parts of the plots were taken and analyzed. After harvesting the wheat, roots, stems and grains were separately analyzed for the heavy metal concentrations. Cumulative sewage sludge application significantly (P≤0.05) increased the total and DTPA-extractable concentration of Zn and Cu in soil. Residual sewage sludge in the soil also increased the total and DTPA-extractable concentration of Zn and Cu. Single sludge applications at different rates increased the DTPA-extractable concentrations of heavy metals. In subsequent years with no further sludge application, DTPA–extractable metal concentrations in soil decreased continuously, approaching the levels in the control. However, even after four years, DTPA-extractable concentration of Zn in plots receiving more than 50 Mg ha-1 and Cu in plots receiving more than 25 Mg ha-1 sludge, were still significantly higher than control. DTPA-extractable concentrations of metals were closely correlated with total concentrations. Sewage sludge had a significant effect on concentration of Zn and Cu in stems and grains. Cumulative effects on Zn and Cu uptake by stems were more than residual effects. The results of this study show that cumulative and residual effects of sewage sludge application increased concentrations of micronutrients in soil and wheat.
L Omidi, H Dashti, V Mozaffari, A Tajabadipour,
Volume 14, Issue 52 (7-2010)
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the application of zinc and copper sulfate by different methods such as foliar application and deep-placement and time of application on the some quantitative and qualitative properties of pistachio trees. For this purpose, a complete randomized block design experiment with 12 fertilizer treatments and 3 replications at 2 consecutive years was conducted in the experimental garden of Rafsanjan. Treatments included deep-placement of medium amounts (54.2 and 11.1 kg/ha of elemental Zn and of Cu respectively) and high amounts (81.3 and 16.7 kg/ha of Zn and of Cu respectively), foliar application of 0.15 kg/ha elemental Cu in the form of Cu sulfate and 1.8 kg/ha of the elemental Zn in the form of Zn sulfate (34%) at the rate of 1000 liter water on Esfand (late dormant), Farvardin (after flowering) and Mehr (post harvest) . Results indicated that in first year, the maximum yield was obtained with foliar application of Cu on Esfand. Also, qualitative properties such as Split/non split ratio significantly increased by above treatment. The protein content increased with foliar application of Cu on Esfand and Zn on Farvardin by 22 and 16.5%, respectively compared to the control. The analysis of leaf samples, demonstrated that the foliar spray of Cu+Zn on Esfand increased Zn leaf by 119% as compared with control. In second year, yield increased by the foliar application of Zn on Esfand. Also, qualitative properties such as the number of seeds per ounce significantly increased by foliar application of Cu on Mehr. The highest and the lowest rate of split/non-split ratios were observed in treatments of high and low localized placement. The protein content decreased in the treatment of high deep placement as compared to the control. Foliar spray of Zn on Esfand caused the highest increase of leaf Zn concentration and foliar spray of Cu and Zn+Cu in Mehr increased significantly Cu leaf. The results indicated that the effects of treatments on oil content and stem nutrients concentration were not significant on two years. Due to saline and lime effects in the soil in pistachio orchards, soil application of micronutrients had no significant on the the yield.
M. Zolfi Bavariani , M. Maftoon ,
Volume 14, Issue 54 (1-2011)
Abstract
Due to low availability of zinc and copper in calcareous soils and the antagonism of these nutrients with each other, the study of their effects on growth and chemical composition of rice seems to have great importance. Also, the relations among different chemical forms of Zn and Cu and plant responses are very important, which can be used in investigation of antagonisms of these nutrients as well. Therefore, by application of different levels of Zn and Cu, their effects on plant growth and nutrient concentration in the plant were studied and different forms of these nutrients in soil were determined. Results showed that zinc application increased plant growth, Zn concentration and total uptake, but decreased Cu concentration in the plant. However, copper application showed no significant effects on the plant growth, but increased Cu concentration and total uptake and decreased Zn concentration in the plant. Also, the results showed an increase in carbonatic, adsorbed and exchangeable Zn forms and exchangeable Cu form by Zn application. Carbonatic form of zinc has maximum effects on concentration and total uptake of this element in the plant. Copper application increased carbonatic and organic forms of this nutrient in soil, and there was maximum correlation between organic form of Cu and its concentration and uptake in the plant
S. Eskandari , V. Mozafari,
Volume 16, Issue 60 (7-2012)
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil copper (Cu) and salinity on growth and chemical composition of two pistachio cultivars. A factorial experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four Cu levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg Kg-1soil as CuSO4.2H2O), five salinity levels (0, 800, 1600, 2400, and 3200 mg NaCl Kg-1 soil) and two pistachio cultivars (Badami-e-Zarand and Ghazvini). Results showed that salinity significantly decreased growth parameters. Application of 3200 mg NaCl Kg-1 soil decreased shoot and root dry weights, leaf area and stem height by 67, 72, 45 and 76 % respectively. Application of 7.5 mg Cu Kg-1 soil increased shoot dry weight and leaf area by 24 and 26% respectively. Morever, there was no significant difference between growth parameters of two pistachio cultivars, except for leaf area index. Salinity stress significantly decreased shoot and root P, k and Cu total uptake, and increased that of Na and Cl. Application of 5 mg Cu Kg-1 soil significantly increased shoot Cu uptake. Since total uptake of all elements for Badami cultivar was significantly higher than the Ghazvini, it could be concluded that the latter cultivar is probably more resistant to the saline conditions.
N. Shafiee, H. Shirani,
Volume 17, Issue 66 (2-2014)
Abstract
Copper is considered as one of the most important nutrient elements for plants. If its contents are concentrated higher than the standard value it can be considered as a pollutant element. The content of absorbable copper in the area around Sarcheshmeh copper mine can be significantly high. In this study, samples of soil were collected in summer through a particular sampling method with chimneys of Sarcheshmeh plant as the center of sampling area within a radius of 6km, in three different directions (Rafsanjan, Sarcheshmeh City and Sarcheshmeh mine) and. The total concentration of absorbable copper and some chemical properties of soil (i.e. pH and EC) were measured for 122 surface samples (depth of 0 to 35 cm). There was a significant negative regression between pH and total absorbable copper content, and a significant negative regression was observed between EC and total absorbable copper content. The best fitted model was spherical model, and Ordinary Kriging was applied to map the absorbable copper content. Results showed that most concentration of copper occurred in the Rafsanjan direction. Also, regarding wind orientation which blows towards Rafsanjan, the chimneys probably have a significant effect on increasing copper content in Rafsanjan moreover, the copper content is substantially higher around chimneys than other areas. Also, transition of copper elements from chimneys by wind can be significant up to 4 km from Sarcheshmeh plant.
M. Najafi-Ghiri, H.r. Boostani, A. R. Mahmoodi, F. Dehghanpoor, M. Besh,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (2-2020)
Abstract
Astragalus fasciculifolius is one of the most distributed plant species in the arid and semiarid regions of southern Iran. It may be well grown on roadside. This investigation was carried out to study the effect of road and its traffic intensity on the soil physicochemical properties and plant nutrients availability of roadside and to monitor the concentration of nutrients in the aerial parts of Astragalus fasciculifolius. Thirty soil and plant samples from roadside and 100 m distance from road were randomly collected and some physicochemical soil properties and nutrients availability were determined. Concentrations of the nutrients in the aerial parts of the plants were also determined. The results indicated that roadside soils had more sand and calcium carbonate equivalent than the adjacent lands. Soils of the main roadside had less K and more Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu than the adjacent lands; this difference in local road was observed only for Fe and Cu. Nutrients concentration in the aerial parts of the plants was affected by road, and P, K, Mn and Zn showed significant increases in the roadside plants. Concentrations of P, Fe, Zn and Cu in plants grown in main roadside and concentrations of Fe and Zn in plants grown in the local roadside were correlated with their contents in the soils. The effect of roads on soil properties change and nutrients availability may be related to the addition of road bed and emission of vehicles. Generally, it could be concluded that roadside soils had more suitable water and nutrition conditions for the growth of Astragalus fasciculifolius, as compared to the soils of the adjacent lands.
Gh. Rahimi, F. Noroozi Goldareh,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract
Earthworms are soil organisms commonly used in environmental studies and biological toxicology. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of Eisenia Fetida earthworms on the bioavailability of zinc and copper in the contaminated soils. This study was carried out on a contaminated soil sampled from the Ahangaran mine 26 kilometers far from the city of Malair and its surrounding areas. In this experiment, 12 earthworms with the average weight of 0.3 -0.6 g were selected for each soil sample. The worms were exposed to a metal contaminated soil for 42 days. After the test time, Zinc (Zn) and Cupper (Cu) concentrations were measured in different fractions of the soil. The results showed that cow manure, carrot pulp and vermicompost significantly reduced (at the level of 5%) 62.2, 80 and 65.2 mg / kg of the metal zinc concentration in carbonate, respectively, as compared to the treatment control. Earthworms significantly increased zinc (81.45 mg kg) in the carbonate fraction. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the amount of exchangeable copper with the addition of organic fertilizer to worm, as compared to the control sample. This increase was significant (at the level of 1%) in the treatment of Vermicompost (1.27 mg / kg) and carrot pulp (1.32 mg / kg), as compared to control.
