M. Rezaie Pasha, A. Kavian, Gh. Vahabzade,
Volume 15, Issue 58 (3-2012)
Abstract
As the first event in soil erosion, rain splash erosion causes movement of soil fragments. Splash is an important process in interrill erosion. The amount of soil particles detached from the surface is associated with soil and rain characteristics and may be affected by rainfall erosivity and soil erodibility. Therefore, in this study, splash erosion rate and its relation with some soil properties were studied. 120 soil samples were collected from three adjacent land uses including forest, rangeland and agriculture in two depths of 0-10 and10-20 cm in Kasilian Watershed. Soil samples were investigated under the experimental condition using splash cup and rainfall simulator. Results showed no significant differences between splash erosion in different land uses. Cultivated and rangeland soils were found to show a significantly lower organic matter (OM) by 59.93% and 33.62% in depth (0-10cm) and 33.33% and 25.59% in depth (10-20cm), respectively. We also found significance positive correlation between percent of silt and splash erosion rate in agriculture (r=0.69, p=0.018) and significance negative correlation between soil organic matter and splash erosion rate in rangeland (r=0.767, p=0.001) and significance positive correlation between K-USLE and splash erosion rate in agriculture (r=0.00, p=0.758).
B. Khalili Moghadam, Z. Ghorbani, E. Shahbazi,
Volume 18, Issue 69 (12-2014)
Abstract
Salt with various kinds and contents is one of the most important factors affecting soil splash erosion rate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate various salinity and alkalinity levels on splash erosion rate and its components (upslope, down slope and total splash) in different slopes. A factorial experiment with three factors was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications by a Multiple Splash Set (MSS). The treatments included splash erosion rate at 4 levels of salinity and alkalinity (EC: 2 dSm-1, SAR: 2، EC: 15, SAR: 24 ،EC: 56, SAR: 42، EC: 113, SAR: 47), two levels of rainfall intensity (2.5 and 3.5 mm.min-1) and 5% and 15% slope levels. The results showed that the organic carbon and mean weight diameter (MWD) decreased at higher levels of salinity and alkalinity. The effect of saline and sodic, slope and rainfall intensity levels on the splash erosion rate and its components was significant. Also, slope×saline and sodic, rainfall intensity×saline and sodic, slope×saline and sodic×rainfall intensity interaction treatment caused a significant increase in splash erosion rate and its components. It seems that splash erosion is increased in saline and sodic soils due to the reduction in OC and MWD
