Showing 4 results for Ammonia
J. Pourreza, M.a. Edriss, H. Khosravinia, A. Aghaee,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2004)
Abstract
In a completely randomized design, the effects of six different additive compounds including limestone, hydrochloric acid, zeolite, aluminum sulfate, pad ammoniac, and fatty acids on nitrogen, pH, temperature, moisture, water soluble phosphorus, and microbial count of litter of broiler chicken were investigated. Each compound was added at a level of one kg/m2 of litter. Six–hundred-and-sixteen (616) day- old broiler chickens (both sexes) were divided into 28 groups, 22 chicks per group. Four replications were allocated to each treatment from 1 to 56 days. All groups were fed with the same diet. Litter moisture was not affected by the treatment. Experimental treatments significantly (p<0.05) influenced the litter pH on day 21. The lowest pH was obtained with aluminum sulfate and the highest pH was obtained with limestone. At the end of the experimental period, all treatments had nearly the same pH levels. Litter temperature was not affected by the treatments . Experimental treatments had a significant (p<0.05) effect on litter nitrogen and bacterial count. Correlation between litter pH and nitrogen was significant and negative (r = -0.95, p<0.05). Effect of treatments on soluble P was significant and the lowest soluble P belonged to aluminum sulfate and pad ammoniac. Correlation between soluble P and pH was positive (r = 0.48, p<0.05). The results showed that some chemical compounds can be used to reduce litter pH, nitrogen, and soluble P and their effectiveness diminishes as chicks grow older.
A.h. Jamali Zavareh, A. Sharifi Tehrani, M. Mohammadi,
Volume 11, Issue 41 (10-2007)
Abstract
One of the properties of systemically acquired resistance in plants is their concomitance with the biochemical changes including enhancement of activities of defense-related enzymes. The leaf extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai is known to be an effective compound for the control of a few plant diseases particularly powdery mildew of cucurbits (caused by fungal pathogen Podosphaera fusca), by inducing host defense responses. In the present investigation, the effects of this extract on some defense responses of cucumber plants were studied via in vivo tests. Changes of defense responses in the extract treated-cucumber plants, with or without pathogen inoculation, were studied and compared with those of non-treated control plants. Results indicated that specific activity of peroxidase increased significantly in treated tissues. Enhancement of enzyme activity showed the same patterns in both the pathogen inoculated- and non-inoculated-plants thus the pathogen attack did not affect the enzyme activity. Specific activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the non-inoculated extract treated-plants showed a transient fast increase during 24 hours after the treatment, whereas in the inoculated ones, it showed a permanent slow increase probably due to the interaction between extract treatment and pathogen attack. Phenolic content of extract treated-plant tissues, despite small fluctuations, did not show any definite pattern of changes.
N. Sahebani, N. Hadavi,
Volume 12, Issue 43 (4-2008)
Abstract
This research was conducted to study the effect of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on severity of tomato Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race 1) and changes in Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in split-root assays to show the possibility of systemic induced susceptibility caused by nematode to the fungus by local nematode infection. The results showed that the activity of nematode in one part of root confered susceptibility to Fusarium wilt in other part of the plant root and subsequently disease symptoms increased significantly in comparison to the control (without nematode inoculation). PAL specific activity showed a significant decrease in one half of split-root inoculated with fungus when the other half was inoculated with nematode as compared with the control (without nematode inoculation). Based on the results obtained in this study, nematode infection in one part of tomato plant root resulted in suppression of tomato defenses in all parts of the root, reduced tolerance or resistance to the fungus (as secondary pathogen) and intensified the fungal disease.
S. Jalinousi, E. Joudaki, A. Moghadassi, M. Mahdieh,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
This research presents the application of phytoremediation to remove ammonia from effluent possessing high ammonium content and alkalinity in one of the most complex refineries in Iran. The objective of this research was to find new methods to protect and preserve water resources. At first, the algae distribution was investigated. After purifying the samples, Chlorella Vulgaris was selected as resistant algae in the areas that experienced ammonia shocks. A 10-liter container and an airlift photobioreactor with similar laboratory conditions were developed to control biomass production. Experiments were conducted over 20 days and maximum biomass production occurred in the first 16-17 days. Cell density was expressed as dry cell weight in ammonia concentration from 10 mg/L to 500 mg/L. It was also observed that when the Nitrogen content of the culture medium was less than 50 mg/L, ammonia was completely removed in both methods. At a concentration of 10 mg/L, total ammonia in both methods was removed in the first week. At 50 mg/L to 100 mg/L concentrations, about 94% of ammonia was removed in the glass container and about 95% in the bioreactor. In these concentrations, with high ammonia content, the final cell density, and absorption power were significantly low and this was evident at 500 mg/L. Prevention of water evaporation and biomass settling, better control of some vital parameters including pH, temperature, light, and energy intensity, effective mass and heat transfer, and carbon dioxide concentration led to better efficiency of the airlift photobioreactor. A noteworthy point in this result was the extraordinary performance of Chlorella Vulgaris in removing toxic pollutants such as ammonia and possibly using it in the biological systems of sanitary, refineries, and petrochemicals.
