JWSS - Journal of Water and Soil Science

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In recent years, surface water resources in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province have decreased and groundwater level has fallen down. Thus, groundwater must be strengthened by surface water resources. The objective of this search was identification of artificial recharge sites thorough Fuzzy Logic in Shahrekord Basin. Effective factors in ground water recharge such as slope, infiltration rate, thickness of unsaturated zone, surface water EC, land use and stream network were determined. They were classified, weighted in software packages Arc View 3.2a and Arc GIS 9.3 and they were integrated using multiplying operator in fuzzy model. The obtained results showed 4.79 % of all areas are suitable and 17.94 % are somewhat suitable in this method. To include the effect of land use parameter, it was overlaid on the final maps, showing a decrease in suitable areas up to 1/3. Generally about 30 points were introduced with priorities A, B, AB as having potential for artificial recharge.

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In this research, to locate and prioritize suitable areas for flood spreading in Mashhad plain, 10 criteria were used including land use, slope, alluvium thickness, distance to well, distance to subterranean, distance from the village, water table drawdown, permeability coefficient, electrical conductivity, and drainage density. Weighting process was done by Analytic Network Process (ANP) and fuzzy logic. After preparing and weighting the maps of all appropriate measures for locating suitable areas of flood spreading maps based on fuzzy logic and analytic network process model, the final map was prepared for prioritizing suitable areas for flood spreading. Then by applying the limiting layer that is a combination of three criteria of land use, slope and geomorphology, the final map of suitable areas for flood spreading was prepared and prioritized. The results showed that among the 10 factors influencing flood spreading, the thickness of alluvium criteria by weight of 0.27 was identified as the most effective layer in suitable areas for flood spreading. Most of the suitable regions located in slope less than 3% that represents its considerable impact in implementation of flood spreading. Mashhad plain potential for flood spreading, after removing exception areas (40.8% of total area), were defined in four inappropriate, relatively appropriate, appropriate and perfectly appropriate classes, that include 2.7, 25.9, 26.5 and 1.5% of the plain area, respectively.

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Recent urban development and population growth in Shahrood tend to adopt a strategy for ground water management. This project, which is a descriptive- analytic type study based on field observation and laboratory analysis, aims to delineate proper sites for groundwater artificial recharge using integrated AHP-TOPSIS.  First, the study area was delineated using remote sensing techniques. Then, appropriate criteria including 5 main criteria and 12 sub-criteria were obtained by field observation and literature review. Then, the appropriate sites for groundwater recharge were determined. The process of the used method consists of designing hierarchical structure of the project, preparation of pairwise comparison matrices, weighting criteria and sub criteria values by experts, and ultimately ranking them by TOPSIS method. Results showed that lithology, slope, water table depth, and land use have the main role in sites delineation. A number of control sites were employed for model validation that indicates 87.20 percent accuracy. Overally, 73.6 and 82.12 percent of the total area were grouped as very suitable and suitable classes, respectively.