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Showing 5 results for Hamadan
Effect of Soil Solarization on the Population Dynamics of Fusarium Propagules in Hamadan Climatic Conditions
M. J. Soleimani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2005)
Abstract
Some of the field crops are severely affected by the Fusarium foot and root-rot in the west of Iran, Hamadan. Pathogenic Fusarium species are potentially severe destructive diseases and could be a major limiting factor for the cereals and potato production in this province. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible effect of soil solarization on the population dynamics of Fusarium spp. The propagules under Hamadan climatic conditions. Pre-tarping irrigation to achieve the field capacity was carried out prior to the various treatments including the black and transparent polyethylene plastic sheets. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized block design with three replicates, in a naturally infested soil. After three, five and eight weeks, soil samples were collected from different soil depths in appropriate plots. The propagule numbers of Fusaria were counted through dilution plate method using selective Nash & Synder and PDA media. The results indicated that the propagules of Fusarium in treated soils (five and eight weeks treatments) were significantly decreased as compared with the three week treated and untreated control plots. Better results obtained with the transparent sheets after eight weeks, followed by treatments with five weeks of mulching. Accordingly, the hydrothermal control of the Fusarium foot and the root-rot disease seem to be effective under the cool and temperate area of Hamadan.
Phosphorus Release Kinetics and the Correlation Between Kinetics Models Constants and Soil Properties and Plant Indices in some Hamadan Soils
F.s. Biabanaki, A.r. Hosseinpur,
Volume 11, Issue 42 (1-2008)
Abstract

  Phosphorus (P) after nitrogen limits agricultural production in most region of the world. Information about P release rate is limited in Hamadan soils. The objective of this research was to study P release in 10 soils from Hamadan province by successive extraction with 0.5 M NaHCO over a period of 1752 h and the correlation of P release characteristics with soil properties and corn plant (Zea mays) indices. The results showed that soil P release began with a fast initial reaction, followed by a slow secondary reaction until 1752 h. The amounts of soil P released after 1752 h ranged from 309 to 586 mg kg-1. The cumulative P release was evaluated by six kinetics equations. Statistical analysis showed that phosphorus release kinetics were described by parabolic diffusion law, first order and power function equations. The correlation study indicated that soil P release coefficients such as rate constant of first order, parabolic diffusion law, power function equations, P released after 168 and 1752 h were significantly correlated with some soil properties such as Olsen-P, calcium carbonate equivalent, sand and silt. The correlation studies between plant indices and constants of kinetics equation showed that rate constant of first order equation was not significantly correlated with plant indices. Equation constants of parabolic diffusion law, power function and P release after 1752 h were significantly correlated with plant indices. The results of this research indicated that release rate of P is different in soils and is an important factor in supplying available P to plants.


Estimation of Blue Water and Green Water Using SWAT Model in Hamadan-Bahar Watershed
S Akhavan, J Abedi Koupaee, S.f Mousavi, K Abbaspour, M Afyuni, S.s Eslamian,
Volume 14, Issue 53 (10-2010)
Abstract

Temporal and spatial distribution of water components in watersheds, estimation of water quality, and uncertainties

associated with these estimations are important issues in freshwater studies. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment

Tool (SWAT) model was used to estimate components of freshwater availability: blue water (surface runoff plus deep

aquifer recharge), green water flow (actual evapotranspiration) and green water storage (soil water), in Hamadan-Bahar

watershed. Also, the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program (SUFI2) was used to calibrate and validate the SWAT

model and do the uncertainty analysis. Degree of uncertainty is calculated by R-factor and P-factor parameters. In this

paper, results of calibration and validation are given for the river monthly discharge. In most stations, especially in

outlet of the watershed (Koshkabad station), simulation of river discharge was satisfactory. Values of R-factor in

calibration of monthly runoff were 0.4-0.8. These small values show good calibration of runoff in this watershed.

Values of P-factor were 20-60%. These small values show high uncertainty in estimations. For most stations of the

watershed, lack of data on river-water withdrawal caused poor simulation of base-flow and therefore the P-factor values

were low. Nash-Sutcliff (NS) coefficient was 0.3-0.8 after calibration, which shows good model calibration of outlet.

This study provided good information on the components of freshwater availability at spatial (sub-basin) and temporal

(monthly) scales with 95% prediction uncertainty ranges. The results of uncertainty analysis of components of

freshwater availability show that uncertainty ranges of average monthly blue water are larger than the other

components, because of its sensitivity to more parameters.


Determination of Spatial Distribution Pattern of Zn in Surface Soils of Hamadan Province Using Classification and Regression Tree Model
M. Arabi, A. Soffianian , M. Tarkesh Esfahani,
Volume 17, Issue 63 (6-2013)
Abstract
Physicochemical characteristics of soil, land cover/use and human activities have effects on heavy metals distribution. In this study, we applied Classification and Regression Tree model (CART) to predict the spatial distribution of zinc in surface soil of Hamadan province under Geographic Information System environment. Two approaches were used to build the model. In the first approach, 10% of total data were randomly selected as test data and residual data were used for building model. In the second approach, all data were used to build and evaluate the CART model. Determination coefficient (R2) and Mean Square Error (MSE) were applied to estimate the accuracy of model. Final model included 51 nodes and 26 terminal nodes (leaf). Calcium carbonate, slope, sand, silt and land use/cover were determined by the CART model to predict spatial distribution of Zn as the most important independent variables. The regions of western Hamadan province had the highest concentration of Zn whereas the lowest concentration of Zn occurred in the regions of northern Hamadan province. The results indicate good accuracy of CART model using R2 and MSE indices.
An Investigation into Pollution of Selected Heavy Metals of Surface Soils in Hamadan Province Using Pollution Index
M. Barzin, H. Kheirabadi, M. Afyuni,
Volume 19, Issue 72 (8-2015)
Abstract
Soil pollution and accumulation of heavy metals in soils and crops are the most important bioenvironmental problems that threaten the life of plants, animals and humans. This study was conducted to explore contamination of heavy metals in soils of Hamadan province. A total of 286 composite surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected thoroughout the province. After preparation of the samples, the total contents of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Ni in soil samples were extracted using HNO3. Total contents of heavy metals were measured by ICP. Contamination factor results showed that most samples were moderately polluted and contamination factor for lead was highly polluted. Interpolated distribution map of contamination factors (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) of the heavy metals were prepared using GIS. The overlap of CF and PLI maps with geology and land use maps indicated that the concentrations of Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cu have been controlled by natural factors such as parent material, but agricultural activities according to excessive consumption of animal manure and chemical fertilizers can increase most of these elements in soil.
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