Showing 14 results for Quantitative
S. Ayoubi, J. Givi, A. Jalalian, A. M. Amini,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2002)
Abstract
In quantitative land suitability evaluation, economic aspects land evaluation such as impact of environmental physical factors on crop production and the amount of yield per surface unit are considered. The purpose of this research was to study quantitative land suitability of northern Baraan area located in eastern Isfahan. The study was a continuation of the previously accomplished qualitative land suitability evaluation of the area. The economic studies include economic data collection, matching inputs and outputs and gross margins analysis.
Radiation-thermal production potential of the crops was calculated based on plant physiology and temperature (FAO model), which was 10.45, 10.11, 13.64 and 11.93 ton/ha for wheat, barley, maize and rice, respectively. Radiation-thermal production potential, observed and marginal yields and the results of the qualitative land evaluation were used to perform quantitative land evalution and to determine the corresponding suitability classes. The predicted yield in different land units varies between 1.64 and 9.17 ton/ha for wheat, 1.81 and 9 ton/ha for barley, 2.06 and 9.42 ton/ha for maize and 2.35 and 7.14 ton/ha for rice. Presence of significant statistical correlation between the observed and the predicted yield values reveals the validity of the evaluation methods used. The results from quantitative land evaluation show that most of the land units are slightly to moderately suitable for wheat, barley, maize and rice, while a few are not. The best land utilization type in each land unit can be selected through a combined consideration of quantitative land evaluation results, benefitability of each land unit and impact of the land use on the soil. Rice cultivation is not recommended in the study area, because of its adverse effect on soil physical properties and soil drainage.
A. Jalalian, J. Givi, M. Bazgir, Sh. Ayoubi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (1-2007)
Abstract
In Iran, the development of cultivated areas becomes gradually impossible due to ever-increasing population growth and urban area development. Therefore, it is very important to use the existing cultivated lands more efficiently. Land suitability evaluation makes the sustainable use of the lands feasible. The objective of this study was qualitative, quantitative and economic assessment of land suitability in Talandahst area for rainfed wheat, barley and chickpea. Talandasht plain with a surface area of 4500 ha is located southwest of Kermanshah city. The climate is semi-arid with cold winter and moderate summer. The successive stages of this research included soil survey in the field, soil analysis, qualitative and quantitative and economic evaluations of land suitability. In qualitative evaluation of land, climatic, topographic and soil suitability classes were determined according to the degree of the matching. Limitation and parametric methods were used in qualitative evaluation. Quantitative and economic evaluations made based on the observed yield and gross benefit, respectively. Based on qualitative evaluation, the studied area is marginally suitable for rainfed farming of wheat, barley and chickpea. This is due to water deficiency occurring during some stages of the growing cycle. The solution for this problem is supplementary irrigation. In addition to climate limitation, there are also topographic and soil restriction for the growth of the studied crops. On the basis of observed yield, the land units are moderately to highly suitable for rainfed wheat and barley production. Among the three named crops, the most and least profitable ones are chickpea and barley, respectively, and wheat ranks between them.
A. Sarkhosh, Z. Zamani, M. R. Fatahi Moghaddam, A. Ebadi, A. Saie, S. Z. Tabatabaie, M. R. Akrami,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (1-2007)
Abstract
In order to determine the most important quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit and its components for categorizing the genotypes, a study was carried out using 24 genotypes. In this study 28 quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit and seed were evaluated. Analysis of variance showed that all of the characteristics in examined genotypes were significant, showing high variability in characteristics. Results of simple correlation analysis showed the existence of significant, positive and negative correlations among some important characteristics. Also, factor analysis showed that most of fruit juice, aril and seed characteristics constituted the main factors. Effective characteristics categorized in seven factors accounted for 89% of total variance. For each factor, eigen value more than 0.7 was considered significant. Cluster analysis was performed using these seven factors and genotypes, in the distance of 9, were divided into 5 main clusters. These groups were mainly distinct in fruit flavor and soft seededness. Furthermore, by using three main factors, genotypes positions determined in 3-plot analysis, which distinguished sweeter genotypes from sweet-sour and sour genotypes.
M. R. Dini Torkamani, J. Karapetion,
Volume 11, Issue 40 (7-2007)
Abstract
Sesame is an annual self-pollinated plant with a high seed oil and protein content. It is considered as an oilseed plant for human consumption. For a breeding purpore, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of seed total protein of different sesame varieties (Oltan, Zoodras , Yekta , Hendi , Varamin , Chini , Karaj 1 , Moghan local,Nazok tak sakheh and Nazok chand shakheh) were evaluated. Protein extracts were analysed using Kejeldal and gel electrophoresis methods. Total average of 24.02% was observed for seed protein content of all varieties. Analysis of varieties revealed a significant variation at (p < 0.01) between varieties. The profile of seed storage proteins had a relative mobility from 0.20 to 0.94. The observed bands varied in intensity and scattered in three zones of the gel . All bands were monomorphic and no variation was observed between the varieties. It was concluded that this characteristic does not carry the necessary value for breeding purposes.
M. Golestani, H. Pakniyat,
Volume 11, Issue 41 (10-2007)
Abstract
To investigate genetic variation, and identification of tolerant genotypes according to quantitative indices of drought tolerance, 8 sesame genotypes were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications under optimum and limited irrigation at the Research Station of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University. Based on the potential yield and yield under stress, quantitative indices of drought tolerance such as mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HM), stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI) and tolerance index (TOL) were determined. The result of analysis of variance exhibited highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the indices measured, and yield under optimum and limited irrigation, indicating the existence of genetic variation among genotypes, and thus the possibility of selecting drought tolerant genotypes. Mean comparison displayed that the highest potential yield, stress yield, MP, GMP, HM and STI were related to the genotype number 5. Correlation analysis between indices, mean potential and stress yields indicated that every four indices are suitable for screening the genotypes. Based on these indices and higher yields under optimum and limited irrigation the best drought tolerant genotypes were identified to be genotypes number 4 and 5. Multivariate biplot indicated that the genotypes number 4 and 5 were located next to the vectors of drought tolerance indices, including MP, GMP, HM and STI. Cluster analysis showed genetic distance among genotypes. As a result, genotypes number 4 and 5 were identified as drought tolerant and genotypes number 1, 2 and 3 as susceptible to drought.
A. Jalalian, M. Rostaminia, S.h. Ayoubi, A.m. Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 42 (1-2008)
Abstract
Extension of cultivation areas becomes gradually impossible due to ever-increasing population growth and urban area development in Iran. Therefore, it is very important to use the existing cultivated lands more efficiently. Land suitability evaluation makes the sustainable use of the lands feasible. The objective of this study was qualitative, quantitative and economic suitability evaluation of irrigated croplands for wheat, maize and sesame in Mehran plain, Ilam Province. Soil survey in the field, laboratory analysis of the soil samples, qualitative, quantitative and economic evaluation were different successive stages of this research. In qualitative evaluation, climatic, topographic and soil suitability classes were determined according to the degree of the matching with plant requirements, by parametric (square root) method. Quantitative and economic evaluations were done based on observed, potential and marginal yield analysis. Results of the qualitative land evaluation showed that most of the land units were classified moderately suitable for given crops because of soil limitations. Qualitatively, most of the land units were classified in the same classes as, or in lower classes than quantitative suitability classes for wheat and maize production, due to high management level at the farms. Whereas quantitative classes of sesame were determined lower than qualitative classes induced by low management level for this crop. Economic land suitability classification showed that the wheat production was the most economic land utilization type. Results of the economic assessment suggested that the cultivation of wheat in rotation with sesame would produce the most income for different units and could be increased in future using improvement in management level in the study area for sesame cultivation.
M. Shamseddin, H. Farahbakhsh ,
Volume 12, Issue 43 (4-2008)
Abstract
To study the effect of salt stress on quantitative and qualitative parameters of canola (Brassica napuse. L) cultivars, and determine the possible mechanisms of salt tolerance and the best salt tolerance indices, an experiment was conducted under a rain-shelter at experimental field of university of Kerman in 2004. The experimental design was a complete randomized block (RCOD) with four replications. Treatments consisted of all combinations of different levels of three factors including variety (Kobra×Regent, Ceres and Okapi), salt types (NaCl and CaCl2) and electrical conductivity of saline solution (0, 4, 8 and 12 dS/m). All treatments were randomly distributed in each replication. Results of the analysis of variance showed that grain yield, yield components, oil and protein contents were significantly affected by salinity (P< 0.001). All the mentioned traits reduced with increasing salinity. It was also found that there were significant differences among genotypes for the mentioned traits. Cultivar of Kobra×Regent showed the highest values of the above traits except for the oil content. Proline, protein and sugar contents were also affected significantly by salinity (P<0.001). The highest and lowest sugar concentrations and protein contents were recorded for control and 12dS/m treatments, respectively. Proline content showed a reverse response and increased with increasing salinity. Mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP) and stress tolerance index (STI) are suggested to be the most suitable indices in order to select genotypes of high productivity under both stress and normal conditions. Based on these results, Kobra*Regent was selected as the most tolerant cultivar.
H Faghih, M Kholghi, S Kochekzadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 46 (1-2009)
Abstract
Overtopping is one of the main factors responsible for dam failure. To avoid overtopping, dam is equipped with one or some spillways to release the water impounded in the reservoir. The number and size of these spillways are determined on the basis of design flood. Determination of design flood of dam spillway can be formulated as a multiobjective risk problem. This problem can be solved by Quantitative Risk Analysis Methods. Here, four economical design methods which are based on risk analysis including, United States National Research Council (NRC), US Civil Engineering, Unit Curve and Partitioned Multiobjective Risk (PMR) were studied. In order to compare these methods, Risk Analysis was performed for re-determining design flood of Pishin Dam Spillway. This Dam has been constructed on the Sarbaz River. Owing to the fact that the integrals of the expected damage relations in the two methods, i.e., Civil Engineering, and Partitioned Multiobjective Risk are analytically unsolvable, Romberg numerical integration technique and Excel software were utilized for the related calculations and drawing graphs. Also, in order to select suitable distribution, the flood analysis was done using Smada software. The findings of the study indicated that design flood determined by the three methods, i.e., Civil Engineering, National Research Council and Unit Curve was almost the same, and that the amount of flood was less than the 10,000-year-old flood while design flood determined by Partitioned Multiobjective Risk Method, was larger than the 10,000- year-old flood.
A.h Hosseinzadeh, I Bernousi, M Mardi, M Bihamta, S Omidi, B Yazdi Samadi,
Volume 13, Issue 47 (4-2009)
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat causing significant reduction in grain yield and quality. Development of resistant varieties is an effective, economical and enviromentally safe way to control FHB disease. A major QTL (quantitative trait locus) for Fusarium head blight resistance, Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, derived from cv. Sumai 3, has been identified and verified by several research groups via molecular marker analysis. The resistant cv. Sumai 3 was crossed to susceptible cv. Falat, then three backcrosses were followed by one self-fertilization. Three simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, Xgwm 389, Xgwm493, Xgwm533, were used for marker assisted selection (MAS) in BC1 and BC2 generations.The probability of linkage between markers and Qfhs.ndsu-3BS was calculated using a binomial probability function based on the assumption that a molecular marker at a specific distance from Qfhs.ndsu-3BS in the population would carry the donor-parent allel as a function of the distance between marker and QTL and the number of backcrosses/selfs used in deriving the population. Microsatelite locus Xgwm 493 was significantly associated with Qfhs.ndsu-3BS.
Y. Nabipoor, M. Vafakhah, H. R. Moradi,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (6-2014)
Abstract
The occurrence trend of floods in recent years shows that the most of Iran regions located in attacks of destructive floods and loss of life and property of flood damages is increasing. Watershed management practices (WMPs) are one of the superior and appropriate solutions for flood hazards mitigation. The impact of WMPs can be investigated using different approaches. In this study, the direct impact of WMPs was investigated using quantitative evaluation of flood characteristics for two periods, pre and post periods of measures implementation. Therefore, daily hydrograph of investigated periods and the results of flood analyses including number of floods occurrence, flood frequency percent in the different months and seasons were determined in Hajighoshan and Tamar hydrometery stations. Also, the mean continuing, rise and subsidence time of floods and maximum peak discharge of observed floods were investigated. The research results showed that the occurrence trend of floods had relatively increased. The number of floods has increased in post periods of measures implementation in two hydrometery stations, while WMPs effect on all flood characteristics were positive, as the continuing time of floods has increased with 0.5%, rise and subsidence time of floods and maximum peak discharge of floods have decreased with 7.9%, 21.98% and 70%, respectively. Totally, if WMPs volume pre watershed area isn't low, WMPs effect on flood characteristics will be positive.
S. Heydari Soreshjani, M. Shayannejad, M. Naderi, B. Haghighati,
Volume 19, Issue 73 (11-2015)
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation on qualitative and quantitative yield and determine the corn's optimum depth of Irrigation in sShahrekord, a randomized complete block design experiment was done with 7 treatments including 40, 55, 70, 85, 100, 115 and 130 percent of soil moisture deficit and three replications in furrow irrigation. Effects of irrigation levels on yield, water use efficiency, weight of dry matter, plant height, stem diameter, median diameter, length and weight of corn were significant. Different levels of irrigation had no significant effect on seed oil and protein content, but their impact on plant fiber content was significant. With increasing depth of irrigation, stem length, grain weight and plant fiber content increased. The minimum and maximum corn yield were related to 40 and 130% of full irrigation with the yield of 43.1 and 88.1 tons per hectare, respectively. The maximum and minimum use efficiencies were 55 and 130% of full irrigation treatments with values of 16.17 and 10.1 Kg per cubic meter, respectively. The result of economic analysis showed that the water consumption is 5/582 mm, equivalent to 86% full irrigation depth.
S. Ebrahimiyan, M. Nohtani, H. Sadeghimazidi,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (8-2017)
Abstract
The basis of spatial planning is the geomorphological zoning of ground surface, in which the first phase is determining the homogeneous zones of the ground surface in terms of geomorphological characteristics. The current study aimed at determining the proper zones for artificial feeding in Gahar mountainous region and Garebayegan plains in Fars province by the use of zoning the ground by Evans-Chezy quantitative coefficients. The quantitative zoning of ground surface plays a vital role in more accurate determination of the land capabilities due to precise determination and division of the types, facies, and surface terrains. For this study, the elevation numeral data with 10m resolution obtained from the National Cartographic Center was used. By the use of surface fitting tools in MATLAB software, the equation for each form was fitted to limited fragments of the surface and the program was applied. Then, each of the quantitative coefficients was illustrated as some zones. For determination of fitting degree, the total squared difference between the rate parameter was used and by the use of fitness degree, the propriety degree of the surface for optimal positioning of flood spreading with surface morphological view was determined. The results indicate that the surface downstream the alluvial fans and plains located on the southern region of the studied land is the most appropriate zone for the Flood Spreading. This area constitutes a surface of 10% of the total area of the region.
S. Ebrahimiyan, M. Nohtani, H. Sadeghi Mazidi, E. Soheili,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
The basis of land management is the geomorphological zoning of the land surface, which is determined based on the same geomorphological characteristics of the zoning. Ground zoning detect land features by basic surface features such as height, slope, and slope direction. In this study, quantitative zoning of the land surface with small coefficients to the surface has been used to identify suitable areas for artificial feeding in the mountainous region of Gohar and Dasht-e Gorbayegan in Fars province. Quantitative zoning of the land surface has been performed by Evans-Shri coefficients due to the accurate determination and separation of types, faces, and surface features of the land has an important role in determining the exact land use. In this research basic models included linear, circular, and divergent models. These basic models with the dimensions of the final windows are ranked second in the MATLAB software to the level the ground is fitted to determine the fit of these models, the parameter of total squared difference has been used. In addition, the suitability of the study area for flood distribution in five different classes was determined using fuzzy logic. The most suitable areas for feeding downstream of the cones had five parameters with a maximum score of 20. The inappropriate class related to the lower plains of alluvial fans have a minimum score of five input classes in fuzzy logic, which is equal to zero.
G.m. Samadi, F. Mousavi, H. Karami,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
The impact of different management options on the region and the existing conditions can be evaluated with minimal cost and time to select the most practical case using various tools including mathematical models. In this study, the SWAT hydrological model was performed from 2009 to 2019 using climatic, hydrological, and hydrometric data in the Malayer catchment, and the final model was validated by SWAT-CUP. To reduce the amount of uncertainty in the input parameters to the MODFLOW model, using the values of surface recharge from the implementation of the SWAT hydrological model, quantitative modeling of Malayer aquifer was performed more reliably in GMS software by using MODFLOW model. After modeling the study area in the 2009-2018 period and calibrating the model in the years from 2018 to 2019, the mean values of absolute error (MAE) were 0.35-0.65 m, and root means square error (RMSE) was 0.62-0.94 m, which seems acceptable considering computational and observational heads equal to 1650 m. Results of water level changes in observation wells located in the Malayer region indicate that the groundwater level in the aquifer has decreased by an average value of 9.7 m in the 10-year study period.
