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Showing 2 results for Stability Diagram
The Effect of Slope Position on Clay Mineralogy of Soils in Two Topo-Sequences with Different Parent Materials in Parts of Karoun 3 Basin, East of Khuzestan Province
V. Moradinasab, S. Hojati, A. Landi, A. Faz Cano,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Parent material and topography are among the soil-forming factors that affect soil evolution by influencing different parameters. This study was conducted to compare the effect of marl and calcareous parent materials in different slope positions, including the summit, shoulder, foot-, and toe-slopes on soil clay mineralogy in the Karoon 3 Basin, east of Khuzestan Province. Four soil profiles in each of the two topo-sequences were dug. They were sampled based on their genetic horizons and some physical, chemical properties, and clay mineralogy were measured. The results showed that the type and abundance of clay minerals identified for both parent materials were more affected by topo-sequence position. The composition of minerals identified in the topo-sequence with marl parent materials included kaolinite, palygorskite, smectite, chlorite, mica, and quartz, and in the topo-sequence with calcareous parent materials, palygorskite, smectite, chlorite, mica minerals, and quartz, and most of the identified minerals were also observed in all positions in the C horizon. However, in marl parent materials kaolinite, and calcareous parent materials, smectite seems to have been formed pedogenically. The result of the association between Weaver and Beck indicated that most of the clay minerals are in the equilibrium of Palygorskite.

Occurrence of Palygorskite and the Major Soil Properties Influencing its Distribution in Selected Soils of Bushehr Province
Z. Naderizadeh, H. Khademi, A. Shamsollah,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (5-2024)
Abstract
Although several reports are available on the distribution of Palygorskite in the soils of arid regions of Iran, there is not much information about the presence and abundance of this important fibrous clay mineral in the soils of Bushehr Province. This research was carried out: (1) to investigate the distribution of Palygorskite and other major associated clay minerals, and (2) to evaluate the relationship between the relative quantity of Palygorskite in clay-sized fraction and the most important soil properties in Dashtestan County, Bushehr Province. Five geomorphic surfaces including eroded rock outcrop, rock outcrop, dissected hill, alluvial fan, and alluvial plain were identified in the study area using Google Earth images and field observations. After sampling representative pedons, the clay mineralogy of two horizons from each pedon was determined. X-ray diffractograms and SEM images showed that in the studied soils, which were classified as either Aridisols or Entisols, Palygorskite was present in different quantities on all geomorphic surfaces. Moreover, Illite, Chlorite, Smectite, irregularly interstratified Chlorite/Illite, and Kaolinite were the other clay minerals that existed in the soils studied. The relative quantity of Palygorskite and Smectite was variable on different geomorphic surfaces. Regardless of the type of geomorphic surface, petrogypsic and gypsic horizons showed the highest quantity of Palygorskite as compared to other horizons which seems to be due to the suitable geochemical conditions of these horizons for the formation and stability of Palygorskite mineral. The higher correlation of Palygorskite content with gypsum, as compared to that with the carbonates, indicates the importance of gypsum in Palygorskite distribution in the soils of the study area. The findings also indicated that the amount of Palygorskite was positively correlated with soluble Mg/Ca ratio, pH, gypsum, and soluble Mg. These parameters appear to control the genesis and distribution of Palygorskite in the soils studied. In general, it is necessary to pay special attention to their clay mineralogy, especially the significant amount of Palygorskite to manage the soils of the study area and to reasonably predict their behavior.

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