J. Pourreza, H. Nasrollahi, A.h. Samie, M. Mohammadalipour, A. Assadian,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (1-2000)
Abstract
In order to study the effects of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in water on the performance of broiler chickens, preliminary data were obtained on water resources of Isfahan Province. Complementary tests and analyses were also performed including physical, chemical and microbial ones. Six different water qualities based on TDS contents of less than 1000, 1000-2000, 2000-3000, 3000-4000, 4000-5000 and more than 5000 ppm were selected. The main experiment lasted for 7 weeks (7-56 days), using 288 chickens in a completely randomized design, with 3 replications, while, the environmental and genetic factors were controlled in an identical broiler housing.
The results showed that using water with different TDS contents had the most negative effects on mortality rate (%) in the rearing period and up to 56.2% mortality was recorded at the highest TDS content. Water consumption showed high and positive correlation (P < 0.05) with TDS (r = +0.74). Correlation between TDS and bedding moisture was also high (r = +0.65) and significant (P < 0.05). The differences between final body weight of control chickens and highest level of TDS were significant (P < 0.05). Feed intake also was affected by different TDS contents and showed similar results as with body weight. Increasing the TDS level decreased the abdominal fat in the female chickens and ash content of tibia in the male chickens. It is concluded that water TDS should be considered for the development of broiler chicken farms. Therefore, it is recommended that higher quality waters (with a TDS content of 3000 ppm) must be used for this purpose. Otherwise, appropriate systems should be used to improve physical and chemical composition of the water.
H. Beigi Harchegani, S. S. Heshmati,
Volume 18, Issue 67 (6-2014)
Abstract
Shahrekord groundwater is the main source of water for drinking, and the agricultural and industrial activities of its
inhabitants. Water quality measures of scaling and corrosion can deteriorate steel-based systems used for storage or
supplying water for drinking and to industry and irrigation. The main aim of this study was to assess the spatial
variability and mapping of scaling and corrosion using Langelier index (LI) and Ryznar index (RI) and that of the
related parameters of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), and total alkalinity (TA) in Shahrekord
groundwater. For this purpose, water samples from 97 wells were analyzed for pH, TDS, TH, and TA and LI and RI
indices were calculated. The Gaussian model best described the spatial variability of TDS while the Spherical model
was best for all other parameters. Based on LI and RI averages of, -0.13 and 7.9 respectively, Shahrekord groundwater
has a slight potential for corrosion. The values of all parameters, except RI, were lowest in the northwest and highest in
the southeast of the aquifer. In most parts and in the center of the aquifer, the values of LI ranged from -0.5 to zero
indicating negligible scaling potential. Spatial distribution of the RI index was almost inversely symmetrical to that of
LI index. LI showed strong positive correlations with its components (varying from 0.61 to 0.90) while RI had strong
negative correlations with its components (ranging from -0.66 to -0.98). LI and RI had the strongest correlations,
respectively, with pH (r=0.90) and total alkalinity (r=-0.90).
