Showing 3 results for Treated Wastewater
A. Hassanoghli, A. Liaghat, M. Mirabzadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (1-2007)
Abstract
Increased chemical compounds in soil are the most important results of irrigation with domestic wastewater and treated effluents which contain some nutrients such as phosphorous (P). This process could increase the soil fertility, leading to the decrease of chemical nutrient consumption and consequently the cost of agricultural production. A research project was carried out in Tehran region for two years in order to investigate the capabilities of soil and plant in absorption and storage of wastewater contaminants, namely, phosphorous, and also the transmission of them to drain depth as a result of irrigation practice. To do the research, a series of lysimeters based on a statistical factorial experiment in the form of randomized complete design (3x3x3) were used. Raw and treated domestic wastewater, obtained from Ekbatan Housing Complex, and well water (control) were used to irrigate raw edible vegetables including parsley, carrot and tomato. The results showed that the amount of phosphorous leaching through soil to drain depth was between 0.90% and 3.56%, and between 1.03% and 4.15% of the phosphorous concentration in raw wastewater and treated one entered into the soil, respectively. Also, mass balance analyses showed the average phosphorous reduction ranged from 97.2% to 99.9% of the phosphorous entered with wastewater. During two years of study, the maximum concentration of PO4 measured in drained water was about 0.21 mg/L obtained from lysimeters irrigated with raw wastewater. This was much lower than the permissible PO4 amount for discharging the effluents to the surface water resources (6 mg/L PO4 is permitted by Iranian Environmental Protection Organization).
A Jalali, M Galavi, A Ghanbari, M Ramroudi, M Yousef Elahi,
Volume 14, Issue 52 (7-2010)
Abstract
Using treated wastewater led to increasing crop yield, but it may causes heavy metals accumulations and also their toxicity in soil and plant. In order to investigate the effects of wastewater on yield, forage yield components, and heavy metals concentrations in stem and leaf of sorghum, an experiment was conducted in the agricultural Research Institute of Zabol University in 2006-2007, using a randomized complete block design with four replication. The irrigation treatments were: 1) well water for whole growing season as control (T1), 2) well water for all growing season along with NPK application (T2), 3) wastewater during the first half of growing season (T3), 4) wastewater during the second half of growing season (T4), 5) wastewater and tapwater alternately (T5) and 6) wastewater for whole growing season (T6). The results showed that irrigations with wastewater and well water alternately and wastewater for whole growing season produced the maximum forage yield and the maximum heavy metal accumulation in plant organs observed by irrigation with wastewater for hole growing season, and wastewater and well water alternately. There was significant increase between T5 and T6 relative to control and other treatments. The elements concentration such as Cu, Pb and Fe in leaf was more than stem, but Zn and Ni concentration in stem were more than leaves. There were no significant differences for Mo and Cr concentration between stem and leaf. Forage yield in T6 and T5 relative to T2 were increased 38.96 and 51.95 percent respectively. In all irrigation treatments the amount of elements and heavy metals in sorghum were lower than standard limits. Based on the results, alternative irrigation method (T5) is recommended for forage sorghum production.
S. Marofi, N. Parsafar, Gh. Rahimi, F. Dashti,
Volume 16, Issue 61 (10-2012)
Abstract
In this study, a completely randomized experiment was designed with four irrigation treatments and three replicates. The irrigation programs were raw wastewater, treated wastewater, a combination of 50% raw wastewater and 50% potable water and a combination of 50% treated wastewater and 50% potable water. The experiments were run within a greenhouse. The lysimeters were built up on September 2009 and they were filled with two layers of soil. The upper (0-30 cm in depth) and lower (30-70 cm in depth) layers were sandy loam and sandy clay loam, respectively. A total of eight watering programs with an interval of elevens-day were applied. After each irrigation program, intake wastewater and drainage water of each Lysimeter was sampled in order to analyse the transport of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn, Ni, Cd and Pb). Results showed that the effect of water quality was significant on percentage of transport of heavy metals. The lowest transport percentage of heavy metals belonged to raw wastewater treatment. Also, the highest percentage of transport of Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni and Pb belonged to the combination of 50% raw wastewater and 50% potable water. In most cases, we observed that the transport percentage of these elements increased by continuing the irrigation
