Showing 2 results for Carbohydrate.
M. Aarab, M. Alikhani, S.h. Mosharaf,
Volume 12, Issue 43 (4-2008)
Abstract
Eight hundred and fifty two multiparous Holstein cows in mid-lactation were used in a completely randomized and nested design with two treatments and three replications. Treatments were: 1) Isfahan and 2) Borkhar-Meymeh. Replications were: 1) class of one to five cows 2) class of six to ten cows and 3) class of eleven to twenty cows. Paired t-test was used for the comparison of nutrient consumption and requirement. The obtained results of one-year-old experiment indicated that township and different classes had no effect on consumption of dry matter intake (DMI), net energy lactating (NEL), metabolizable protein (MP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), sulphur (S), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iodine (I), vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, rumen degradable protein (RDP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC). Township had a significant effect on consumption of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) (P<0/05). Township and different classes had no effect on nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. The difference between consumption and requirement for kg DMI, Mcal/d NEL, g Mp, (g absorbable) Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, Cl, S, mg per kg Se, Zn, Cu, I, Iu/d vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, g/d RDP, RUP, percentage of dry matter NDF, ADF and NFC were -1/6, -2/5, -630/2, -21/8, -5, 40/6, 0, -3/3, 44/2, -7/4, -3/11, -38/7, -3/26, -4/45, -14834, -234, -342/5, -542/5, -886, 28/5, 17/5 and -10/4, respectively. The difference between consumption and requirement was not significant for P, Mg and Na. This difference had a significant effect on the rest of nutrients (P<0/05). The results of this study indicated that we can feed dairy cattle by using diets containing protein supplements and mineral-vitamin premix and improve milk yield and percentage of milk protein's rural areas of Holstein cows.
V. Dorostkar, M. Afyuni , A. H. Khoshgoftarmanesh, M. R. Mosaddeghi , F. Rejali,
Volume 19, Issue 73 (11-2015)
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread endosymbionts in terrestrial ecosystems and their exudates have important effects on soil properties. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with six AMF treatments including four exotic species inoculums (Funneliformis mosseae ,Claroideoglomus claroideum and Rhizophagus irregularis and a mixed isolate of three species), one mixed native AMF species treatment and a sterilized soil (control) with four salinity levels (1, 5, 10 and 15 dS m-1). AMF increased the soil (EEG) and total (TG) extractable glomalin, and also the hot water (HWC) and diluted acid (DAC) extractable carbohydrates compared to control treatment in all salinity levels. The native AMF species had the greatest effects on EEG, TG, HWC and DAC at 10 and 15 dS m-1. Soil EEG and TG concentrations were higher in the mixed exotic AMF treatment than in each AMF species. The greatest glomalin concentration was related to F. mosseae at 1, 5 and 15 dS m-1 but at 10 dS m-1 the greatest glomalin concentration was related to C. claroideum. The greatest carbohydrate concentration was related to F. mosseae at 1 and 5 dS m-1 but at 15 dS m-1 significant differences were observed among the three AMF species. Our results showed that there is an interaction between salinity and different AMF species, and a combination of them determines the function of AMF.
